International Scholarly Research Notices

Review Article

Oral Cavity as an Extragastric Reservoir of Helicobacter pylori

Table 6

Data regarding the association between periodontal diseases and H. pylori infection.
No.AuthorsYearDefinition of gingival/periodontal diseaseSample sizeAssociation with oral H. pylori Association with gastric H. pylori
1Silva et al. [58]2010At least 4 teeth with PD ≥ 5 mm and CAL > 3 mm115 dyspeptic patientsSignificant Not evaluated
2Namiot et al. [26]2010Russell’s periodontal index155 dyspeptic patientsNonsignificantNot evaluated
3Gonçalves et al. [60]2009At least 3 sites with PD ≥ 5 mm and/or CAL ≥ 4 mm and BOP23 HIV seropositive patients of whom 13 had periodontitis and 10 were periodontally healthy; 31 HIV seronegative patients of 17 had periodontitis and 14 were periodontally healthySignificant 
4Al Asqah et al. [35]2009BOP + PD ≥ 3 mm on at least 4 teethDyspeptic patients-62 patients with periodontitis and 39 without periodontitisSignificantSignificant
5Liu et al. [61]2009Gingival index443 dyspeptic patientsSignificant Not evaluated
6Zaric et al. [40]2009Mean PD, CAL, and gingival index scores66 dyspeptic patients with H. pylori infection of gastric mucosaSignificant for mean PD and CAL; not significant for gingival index scoresNot evaluated
7Bürgers et al. [36]2008Periodontal Screening Index 94 dyspeptic patientsNonsignificantNonsignificant
8Namiot et al. [77]2007Russell’s periodontal index137 H. pylori positive patients with peptic ulcerOutcome variable was efficacy of HP eradicationNonsignificant (outcome variable was efficacy of H. pylori eradication)
9Anand et al. [38]2006Patients with one or more sites with a PD ≥ 3 mm and CAL ≥ 3 mm at the same siteSixty-five dyspeptic patients with H. Pylori infection and 69 dyspeptic patients without H. pylori infectionNot evaluatedNonsignificant
10Gebara et al. [66]2004Gingivitis group-patients with PD ≤ 3 mm and BOP on at least 4 sites; periodontitis group-BOP + PD ≥ 5 mm on at least 4 teeth15 gingivitis and 15 periodontitis patients-All were H. pylori positive in antral mucosaNonsignificant 
11Umeda et al. [37]2003Presence of periodontal pockets ≥ 4 mm28 patients who harbored H. pylori in stomach/duodenumSignificant Not evaluated
12Choudhury et al. [22]2003CPI124 dyspeptic patientsSignificantNot evaluated
13Dye et al. [34]2002Presence of 1 dental site with PD ≥ 5 mmData from 4504 participants of NHANES III SurveyNot evaluatedSignificant
14Berroteran et al. [39]2002Gingival index-scoring 0–332 dyspeptic patients and 20 asymptomatic controlsNonsignificantNonsignificant
15Dowsett et al. [18]1999Full mouth periodontal examination242 subjectsNonsignificantNonsignificant
16Savoldi et al. [29]1998Gingival index80 dyspeptic patientsNonsignificant-None of the plaque samples were positive for HPNonsignificant
17Hardo et al. [24]1995CPITN62 dyspeptic patientsNonsignificantNonsignificant
18Nguyen et al. [73]1993Gingival index25 dyspeptic patientsNonsignificantNonsignificant