Research Article

Andrographolide Exerts Chondroprotective Activity in Equine Cartilage Explant and Suppresses Interleukin-1β-Induced MMP-2 Expression in Equine Chondrocyte Culture

Figure 2

Andrographolide inhibited the release of s-GAGs and HA from equine cartilage explants culture induced by IL-1β. The equine cartilage explants were cultured in the conditioned media containing IL-1β (25 ng/mL), with or without andrographolide (10 to 50 µM), or left untreated as the control. After three days of the treatment period, the culture medium samples levels of s-GAGs and HA were measured by DMMB assay and competitive inhibition ELISA assay, respectively. Data were expressed as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. The significant differences were tested by one-way ANOVA at (, #). Significant different from the control () and IL-1β treated group (#), respectively.