Research Article
Alumina-Based Ceramics for Armor Application: Mechanical Characterization and Ballistic Testing
Table 2
Standard NIJ-0108.01 test parameters for ballistic materials resistant to projectiles at different levels of ballistic protection.
| | Level of ballistic protection | Ammunition type | Nominal mass (g) | Barrel length (cm) | Projectile velocity (m/s) | Kinetic energy (J) | Shots per panel |
| | I | .22 LRHV Lead | 2.6 | 15–16.5 | 320 ± 12 | 133.12 | 5 | | .38 Special RN Lead | 10.2 | 15–16.5 | 259 ± 15 | 342.12 |
| | II-A | 9 mm FMJ | 10.2 | 10–12 | 381 ± 12 | 440.09 | 5 | | .357 Mag JSP | 8.0 | 10–12 | 332 ± 12 | 740 |
| | II | 9 mm FJM | 10.2 | 15–16.5 | 425 ± 15 | 512.66 | 5 | | .357 Mag JSP | 8.0 | 10–12 | 358 ± 12 | 921 |
| | III-A | 44 Magnum Lead SWC | 15.55 | 14–16 | 426 ± 15 | 725.9 | 5 | | 9 mm FMJ | 8.0 | 24–26 | 426 ± 15 | 1406 |
| | III | 7.62 × 51 FJNB | 9.7 | 56 | 838 ± 15 | 3405 | 5 | | 308 Winchester FMJ |
| | IV | 30-06 AP | 10.8 | 56 | 868 ± 15 | 4068.5 | 1 |
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