Research Article

Public Investments, Human Capital, and Political Stability: The Triptych of Economic Success

Table 10

Data description and sources.

VariablesDescription and sources

GrowthAverage compound growth rate of real PPP converted GDP per capita (Chain Series) at 2005 constant prices. Source: Penn World Table  7.1.
GovconsGovernment Consumption, (percent of GDP). Source: IMF World Economic Outlook (WEO).
InvestTotal investment (percent of GDP). Source: World Bank.
PubinvGross fixed capital formation, public sector (percent of GDP). Source: World Bank and AMECO*.
PrinvGross fixed capital formation, private sector (percent of GDP). Source: World Bank and AMECO.
ExpGeneral government total expenditure (percent of GDP). Source: World Bank.
PubeducPublic spending on education, total (percent of GDP). Source: World Bank.
PubhealthHealth expenditure, public (percent of GDP). Source: World Bank.
PubmilitMilitary expenditure (percent of GDP). Source: World Bank & SIPRI organization.
SchAverage years of schooling. Source: Barro-Lee. (Interpolated)
PupteaprPupils-teacher ratio, primary. Source: World Bank.
PupteasecPupils-teacher ratio, secondary. Source: World Bank.
FertilFertility rate, total (births per woman). Source: World Bank.
LifeexpLife expectancy. Source: World Bank.
OpennessOpenness at 2005 constant prices (%). Source: Penn World Table  7.1.
InflationAverage consumer prices, (Index), Source: IMF World Economic Outlook (WEO).
UnemplUnemployment, total (% of total labor force). Source: World Bank.
TfpgrowthTotal Factor Productivity Growth—Estimated as Tornqvist index. Source: Total Economy Database, USA.
TelecTelephone lines (per 100 people). Source: World Bank.
RailwayRail lines (total route-km). Source: World Bank.
RoadpavedRoads, paved (% of total roads). Source: World Bank.
PopPopulation growth (annual %). Source: World Bank.
DeficitCash surplus/deficit (percent of GDP). Source: World Bank.
DebtGeneral Government gross debt, (perecnt of GDP). Source: IMF World Economic Outlook (WEO).
EmplinduEmployment in industry (percent of total employment). Source: World Bank.
Mortal5Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births). Source: World Bank.
StabilPolitical Stability and Absence of Violence. Source: Worldwide Governance Indicators.
EffectGovernment Effectiveness. Source: Worldwide Governance Indicators.
RuleRule of Law. Source: Worldwide Governance Indicators.
CorruptControl of Corruption. Source: Worldwide Governance Indicators.
GiniIndex, Source: World Bank.

From AMECO dataset: pubinv = gross fixed capital formation, general government (current prices)/GDP (current prices).