Modal Spectral Element Solutions to Incompressible Flows over Particles of Complex Shape

<table>Comparisons between the DNS and VIP runs for the top half sphere at <svg height="11.375" id="M171" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.474998 11.375" width="56.474998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg>. Fluid velocity distribution in (a) <svg height="15.35" id="M172" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 37.549999 15.35" width="37.549999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><path d="M556 393q0 -39 -36 -106q-42 -78 -185 -279q-47 -66 -81 -108t-117 -135l-112 -26l-8 22q150 90 251 219q-6 136 -39 340q-8 53 -21 53q-6 0 -27 -19.5t-38 -42.5l-16 26q80 111 127 111q23 0 35 -28t20 -90q18 -137 27 -263h2q142 200 142 279q0 24 -14 48q-4 7 5 26
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</svg> and (b) <svg height="11.125" id="M173" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 37.212502 11.125" width="37.212502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><path d="M536 404q0 -17 -13.5 -31.5t-26.5 -14.5q-8 0 -15 10q-11 14 -25 14q-22 0 -67 -50q-47 -52 -68 -82l37 -102q31 -88 55 -88t78 59l16 -23q-32 -48 -68.5 -78t-65.5 -30q-19 0 -37.5 20t-29.5 53l-41 116q-72 -106 -114.5 -147.5t-79.5 -41.5q-21 0 -34.5 14t-13.5 37
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q0 45 -26.5 69.5t-68.5 24.5q-67 0 -120 -79l-20 20l43 63q51 56 127 56h1q66 0 107 -37t41 -95q0 -42 -31 -71q-22 -23 -68 -54z" id="x33"></path></g>
</svg> planes. Elements are shown in black lines.</table>

Journal of Computational Engineering

fig4

Figure 4

Figure 4: Modal Spectral Element Solutions to Incompressible Flows over Particles of Complex Shape 