Outcome Predictors in First-Ever Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Population-Based Study
Table 1
Selected characteristics in the acute phase of 1057 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke.
NIH 0–4
NIH 5–15
NIH ≥16
Total
Number of patients
426
469
162
1057
Gender female
199 (46.7%)
240 (51.2%)
105 (64.8%)
544 (51.5%)
0.0001
Mean body mass index
25.5 (25.4-25.5)
25.22 (25.1-25.2)
24.3 (24.2-24.3)
25.2 (24.9–25.5)
0.0004
Median age (interquartile range)
74.12 (64.6–80.4)
79.3 (72.3–85.3)
83.5 (74.2–89.9)
77.5 (69–84.4)
<0.0001
Life conditions
Lives with other (family)
330 (77.4%)
320 (68.2%)
105 (64.8%)
755 (71.4%)
0.002
Lives alone
86 (71.4%)
118 (25.1%)
38 (8.1%)
242 (22.9%)
0.38
Lives in community
7 (5.7%)
27 (5.7%)
16 (3.4%)
50 (4.7%)
<0.0001
Missing
3 (2.5%)
4 (1%)
3 (0.7%)
10 (1%)
Vascular risk factors
Arterial hypertension
322 (75.6%)
362 (77.2%)
118 (72.8%)
802 (75.9%)
0.49
Diabetes mellitus
74 (33.1%)
103 (21.9%)
23 (14.2%)
200 (18.9%)
0.35
Hypercholesterolemia
170 (39.9%)
147 (31.3%)
34 (21%)
351 (33.2%)
<0.0001
Previous TIA
25 (5.8%)
27 (5.7%)
9 (5.5%)
61 (5.8%)
0.88
Current or former smoker
89 (20.9%)
59 (12.6%)
19 (11.7%)
167 (15.8%)
0.011
Ischaemic heart disease
50 (11.7%)
63 (13.4%)
21 (13%)
134 (12.7%)
0.68
Atrial fibrillation
56 (13.1%)
127 (27.1%)
77 (47.5%)
260 (24.6%)
<0.0001
Low ejection fraction (<35%)
21 (4.9%)
45 (9.6%)
20 (12.3%)
86 (8.1%)
0.002
CHADS2 score
0-1
68 (16%)
35 (7.5%)
20 (12.4%)
123 (11.6%)
0.3
≥2
358 (84%)
434 (92.5%)
142 (87.6%)
934 (88.4%)
0.2
Charlson Index score
0-1
336 (78.8%)
345 (73.5%)
128 (79%)
809 (76.5%)
0.9
≥2
58 (13.6%)
98 (20.9%)
24 (14.8%)
180 (17%)
0.7
Missing
32 (7.6%)
26 (5.6%)
10 (6.2%)
68 (6.5%)
0.57
Prestroke disability (measured with mRS)
0–2
404 (94.8%)
369 (78.7%)
117 (72.3%)
890 (84.2%)
<0.0001
3–5
18 (4.2%)
93 (19.8%)
42 (25.9%)
153 (14.6%)
<0.0001
Missing
4 (1%)
7 (1.5%)
3 (1.8%)
14 (1.2%)
0.36
Home therapy
Treated with antithrombotic agents
123 (28.8%)
135 (28.8%)
49 (30.2%)
307 (29%)
0.74
Nontreated with antithrombotic agents
303 (71.2%)
334 (71.2%)
113 (69.7%)
750 (71%)
0.74
Statins
38 (8.9%)
20 (4.3%)
4 (2.5%)
62 (5.9%)
0.76
Antihypertensive
242 (56.8%)
258 (55%)
85 (52.5%)
585 (55.4%)
0.34
Stroke onset during sleep
71 (16.6%)
109 (23.2%)
39 (24.1%)
219 (20.7%)
0.04
Metabolic values at admission
Glucose (mg/dL)
114.2 (40.1)
125 (54.7)
126.4 (50.4)
120.9 (48.9)
0.0012
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
117.3 (37.6)
112.6 (36.2)
102.1 (41.8)
113.4 (37.7)
<0.0001
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
152.4 (24.3)
150.3 (24.1)
149.6 (24.6)
151 (24.5)
0.11
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
87.3 (12.1)
86 (11.6)
85.4 (12.4)
86.43 (11.9)
0.044
TOAST classification of subtypes
Large-artery atherosclerosis
66 (15.5%)
73 (15.5%)
14 (8.6%)
153 (14.5%)
0.032
Cardioembolism
65 (15.2%)
122 (26%)
79 (48.8%)
266 (25%)
<0.0001
Small-vessel occlusion lacun
109 (25.6%)
97 (20.7%)
4 (2.5%)
210 (20%)
<0.0001
Stroke of undetermined etiology
175 (41.1%)
173 (36.9%)
64 (39.5%)
412 (39%)
0.7
Data are shown as number of patients (%) or mean (SD); TIA: transient ischaemic attack; mRS: modified Rankin scale; NIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. CHADS2: Congestive heart failure, hypertension, age, diabetes mellitus, TIA, or thromboembolism. statistical analysis was performed on the NIHSS 0–4 and the NIHSS ≥16 groups. Variables included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis.
