Path diagram of the structural equation model (SEM) consisting of models M1, M2, and M3. Variable is the latent unobserved inflammatory index from the inflammatory markers obtained in the period from 1988 to 1992 with model M1. Effect is the radiation dose effect on the inflammatory index in model M3, effect is the inflammatory index effect on standing height in model M2, and effect is the direct radiation dose effect on standing height in model M2. Estimate is the indirect radiation dose effect on standing height via inflammation. Error vector and scalar error variables and are mutually independent normal random errors with zero means for models M1, M2, and M3, respectively. Variables shown in ovals are latent variables and variables in rectangles are observed variables.