Singapore General Hospital Experience on Ethnicity and the Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting after Elective Orthopaedic Surgeries
Table 5
Multivariate analysis of PONV variables in subgroup of females <50 years.
OR
95% confidence interval
value
Patients characteristics
Age
0.952
0.889
1.019
0.153
Ethnicity
Chinese
As reference
0.330
Malay
0.312
0.045
2.150
0.237
Indian
0.352
0.056
2.204
0.265
History of PONV
1.242
0.134
11.542
0.849
Smokers
2.856
0.486
16.768
0.245
ASA status
ASA 1
As reference
0.114
ASA 2
0.777
0.222
2.724
0.693
ASA 3
27.257
0.975
756.162
0.052
ASA 4
None
Received preoperative antiemetics
17.269
1.195
249.504
0.037
Received intraoperative antiemetics
0.275
0.076
0.997
0.049
Anaesthetic
Nitrous oxide use
4.553
1.132
18.311
0.033
Use of volatile agents
0.663
0.043
10.193
0.768
Surgical
Duration of surgery
≤3 h
As reference
0.568
>3 to ≤4 h
0.470
0.084
2.622
0.389
>4 to ≤5 h
0.384
0.036
4.054
0.426
The Chinese compared to the Non-Chinese
Chinese
0.332
0.078
1.418
0.137
History of PONV subanalysed amongst patients who had previous operations. Anaesthetic variables subanalysed amongst patients who underwent general anaesthesia. The data is the odds ratio of the Chinese compared to the Non-Chinese in incidence of PONV. Note: GA and intraoperative opioids not included in table as almost all within the group had received GA and intraoperative opioids.
