Research Article
Smoking and Heberden Nodes: Analysis of Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Table 1
Sample description, Osteoarthritis Initiative data.
| | | Number | Percent |
| | All | 2723 | 100 | | Heberden’s nodes | | | | Yes | 819 | 30.1 | | No | 1904 | 69.9 | | Smoking | | | | Yes, current | 310 | 11.4 | | Never (<5 packs/lifetime) | 2413 | 88.6 | | Sex | | | | Female | 1625 | 59.7 | | Male | 1098 | 40.3 | | Race/ethnicity | | | | Non-Hispanic White | 2148 | 78.9 | | Non-Hispanic Black | 516 | 18.9 | | Hispanic/other | 59 | 2.2 | | Age in years | | | | 45 to <56 | 1047 | 38.5 | | ≥56 to <66 | 827 | 30.4 | | ≥66 | 849 | 31.2 | | Body mass index | | | | <25 (normal weight) | 709 | 26.0 | | ≥25 to <30 (overweight) | 1054 | 38.7 | | ≥30 (obese) | 960 | 35.3 | | Right knee radiographic evaluation | | | | Normal | 512 | 18.8 | | Possible osteoarthritis | 957 | 35.1 | | Mild | 544 | 20.0 | | Moderate | 559 | 20.5 | | Severe | 151 | 5.5 | | Family history of osteoarthritis | | | | Yes | 248 | 9.1 | | No | 2475 | 90.9 | | Charlson index | | | | 0 | 2074 | 76.2 | | ≥1 | 649 | 23.8 | | Education | | | | High school or less | 434 | 15.9 | | More than high school | 2289 | 84.1 | | Alcohol use (drinks/week) | | | | 0–3 | 2084 | 76.5 | | 4–7 | 355 | 13.0 | | 8–14 | 198 | 7.3 | | 15 and above | 86 | 3.2 | | Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12 | | | | Quartile 1 | 655 | 24.1 | | Quartile 2 | 668 | 24.5 | | Quartile 3 | 643 | 23.6 | | Quartile 4 | 757 | 27.8 |
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Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12 version 2 physical summary scale quartile cut-points: 25% = 43.06; 50% = 51.24; and 75% = 56.14.
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