Research Article
Smoking and Heberden Nodes: Analysis of Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Table 2
Chi-square analysis of Heberden’s nodes by the variables, Osteoarthritis Initiative data.
| Heberden’s nodes | Yes | Row % | No. | Row % | value |
| Smoking | | | | | .0006 | Yes, current | 67 | 21.6 | 243 | 78.4 | | Never (<5 packs/lifetime) | 752 | 31.2 | 1661 | 68.8 | | Sex | | | | | <.0001 | Female | 647 | 39.8 | 978 | 60.2 | | Male | 172 | 15.7 | 926 | 84.3 | | Race/ethnicity | | | | | <.0001 | Non-Hispanic White | 706 | 32.9 | 1442 | 67.1 | | Non-Hispanic Black | 90 | 17.4 | 426 | 82.6 | | Hispanic/other | 23 | 39.0 | 36 | 61.0 | | Age | | | | | <.0001 | 45 to <56 | 187 | 17.9 | 860 | 82.1 | | ≥56 to <66 | 269 | 32.5 | 558 | 67.5 | | ≥66 | 363 | 42.8 | 486 | 57.2 | | Body mass index | | | | | <.0001 | <25 (normal weight) | 247 | 34.8 | 462 | 65.2 | | ≥25 to <30 (overweight) | 330 | 31.3 | 724 | 68.7 | | ≥30 (obese) | 242 | 25.2 | 718 | 74.8 | | Right knee radiographic evaluation | | | | | .0190 | Normal | 124 | 24.2 | 388 | 75.8 | | Possible osteoarthritis | 288 | 30.1 | 669 | 69.9 | | Mild | 178 | 32.7 | 366 | 67.3 | | Moderate | 181 | 32.4 | 378 | 67.6 | | Severe | 48 | 31.8 | 103 | 68.2 | | Family history of osteoarthritis | | | | | .0172 | Yes | 91 | 36.7 | 157 | 63.5 | | No | 728 | 29.4 | 1747 | 70.6 | | Charlson index | | | | | .7836 | 0 | 621 | 29.9 | 1453 | 70.1 | | ≥1 | 198 | 30.5 | 451 | 69.5 | | Education | | | | | .0017 | High school or less | 158 | 36.4 | 276 | 63.6 | | More than high school | 661 | 28.9 | 1628 | 71.1 | | Alcohol use (drinks/week) | | | | | .1025 | 0–3 | 646 | 31.0 | 1438 | 69.0 | | 4–7 | 104 | 29.3 | 251 | 70.7 | | 8–14 | 45 | 22.7 | 153 | 77.3 | | 15 and above | 24 | 27.9 | 62 | 72.1 | | MOS SF-12 quartiles | | | | | .0037 | Quartile 1 | 218 | 33.3 | 437 | 66.7 | | Quartile 2 | 217 | 32.5 | 451 | 67.5 | | Quartile 3 | 193 | 30.0 | 450 | 70.0 | | Quartile 4 | 191 | 25.2 | 566 | 74.8 | |
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Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12 version 2 physical summary scale.
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