Journal of Medical Engineering

Research Article

The Biomechanics and Optimization of the Needle-Syringe System for Injecting Triamcinolone Acetonide into Keloids

Table 2

The average injection force, standard deviation, maximum injection force, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), value, and value comments for the 5 syringes with 25 G, 16 mm needles injecting tap water at 3 different injection speeds into air.
 Average force (N) ± standard deviationMaximum force (N)ICC valueComparison for value
25 G, 16 mm needle with water at 1 mm/sec     
 1 mL polycarbonate (A)1.60.60.6  
 1 mL Monojet polypropylene2.20.50.5Compared to A
 1 mL Tuberculin polypropylene1.40.40.4
 3 mL polypropylene1.90.90.9
 5 mL polypropylene4.90.60.6
25 G, 16 mm needle with water at 3 mm/sec     
 1 mL polycarbonate (B)1.9 ± 0.32.10.8Compared to A
 1 mL Monojet polypropylene1.7 ± 0.32.20.8Compared to B
 1 mL Tuberculin polypropylene1.6 ± 0.52.30.9
 3 mL polypropylene3.5 ± 0.63.81
 5 mL polypropylene12.4 ± 3.213.90.8
25 G, 16 mm needle with water at 5 mm/sec     
 1 mL polycarbonate (C)2.1 ± 0.32.31Compared to A
 1 mL Monojet polypropylene2.0 ± 0.22.70.9Compared to C
 1 mL Tuberculin polypropylene2.3 ± 0.431
 3 mL polypropylene5.5 ± 0.760.8
 5 mL polypropylene23.3 ± 4.425.21