Radiation Transfer Calculations and Assessment of Global Warming by CO<sub>2</sub>

<table class="table-group" id="tab9"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Climate<br/> zone</td><td class="align_center"> <svg height="12.1436pt" id="M272" style="vertical-align:-3.18148pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.96212 13.4912 12.1436" width="13.4912pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M620 675H597C578 656 570 650 541 650H144C112 650 104 653 94 675H72C59 618 42 552 23 493L53 491C71 534 88 564 105 585C124 608 144 615 238 615H290L197 121C182 40 174 34 88 28L82 0H361L367 28C275 34 266 38 281 121L374 615H441C522 615 543 608 553 583C562 560 566 531 565 493L597 494C603 551 612 629 620 675Z" id="g113-85"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="637" vert-adv-y="637"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.176,3.132)"><path d="M615 650H141L132 618C223 612 227 607 212 526L136 123C122 42 112 38 27 32L18 0H522C539 33 580 135 592 166L558 179C536 139 512 100 486 75C454 48 420 41 345 41C287 41 252 42 237 55C221 68 220 100 231 158L261 316H357C455 316 455 309 455 235H489L529 437H494C468 366 460 360 369 360H269L305 565C315 609 316 611 357 611H450C525 611 535 599 548 578C559 556 561 526 560 482L595 486L615 650Z" id="g50-70"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="639" vert-adv-y="639"></glyph.data></g></svg> <br/>°C</td><td class="align_center"><svg height="11.8631pt" id="M273" style="vertical-align:-3.227201pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 24.8227 11.8631" width="24.8227pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M645 631C614 643 545 666 457 666C215 666 23 519 23 283C23 90 158 -16 337 -16C412 -16 489 2 522 10C543 39 590 127 606 167L580 181C519 89 459 18 348 18C201 18 122 136 122 287C122 464 244 632 435 632C544 632 602 595 608 472L639 475C643 526 645 581 645 631Z" id="g113-68"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="668" vert-adv-y="668"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.619,3.132)"><path d="M969 650H746V617C823 609 825 598 814 540C798 470 743 278 700 144H698C638 319 581 476 525 641H491C440 478 384 317 329 145H327C283 286 245 418 205 553C192 601 192 609 267 617V650H20V617C80 609 98 602 122 522C177 343 233 172 285 -9H321C372 152 428 309 485 485H487C542 330 604 151 660 -9H696C779 269 841 460 862 521C891 599 900 609 969 617V650Z" id="g58-85"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="988" vert-adv-y="988"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,17.61,3.132)"><path d="M698 650H468V617C551 609 555 599 536 543C506 457 432 264 379 129H377C311 297 238 488 212 560C196 604 198 609 271 617V650H21V617C80 612 98 603 127 532C183 396 268 173 335 -9H370C445 196 551 450 578 511C615 602 630 609 698 617V650Z" id="g58-84"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="717" vert-adv-y="717"></glyph.data></g></svg> ppm</td><td class="align_center"><svg height="9.33485pt" id="M274" style="vertical-align:-3.295671pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -6.03918 33.1726 9.33485" width="33.1726pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,13.049,0)"><path d="M465 45L455 77C444 72 433 69 421 69C404 69 389 81 389 128V293C389 349 380 392 337 425C310 445 280 454 239 454C182 443 111 409 73 383C51 366 38 353 38 335C38 309 74 285 101 285C121 285 136 293 143 319C151 350 160 374 171 388C180 400 191 406 205 406C241 406 265 371 265 308V278C242 258 165 234 106 212C54 192 30 168 30 116C30 54 81 -12 165 -12C185 -12 232 21 270 46C274 34 281 21 295 9C308 -3 329 -12 356 -12L465 45ZM265 79C249 67 238 63 223 63C200 63 163 84 163 139C163 174 179 192 210 208C231 219 247 229 265 239V79Z" id="g13-95"></path><glyph.data ascent="1024" descent="-360" horiz-adv-x="466" vert-adv-y="466"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,19.107,3.132)"><path d="M416 501L399 642C356 655 314 665 271 665C140 665 63 582 63 486C63 372 163 325 229 290C304 250 359 217 359 142C359 70 316 25 240 25C138 25 94 125 78 186L44 178C52 123 64 45 72 21C81 16 96 8 121 0S179 -15 220 -15C353 -15 445 68 445 176C445 289 350 335 270 375C191 414 143 449 143 520C143 572 177 627 253 627C340 627 366 556 382 495L416 501Z" id="g58-81"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="484" vert-adv-y="484"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,23.511,3.132)"><path d="M969 650H746V617C823 609 825 598 814 540C798 470 743 278 700 144H698C638 319 581 476 525 641H491C440 478 384 317 329 145H327C283 286 245 418 205 553C192 601 192 609 267 617V650H20V617C80 609 98 602 122 522C177 343 233 172 285 -9H321C372 152 428 309 485 485H487C542 330 604 151 660 -9H696C779 269 841 460 862 521C891 599 900 609 969 617V650Z" id="g58-85"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="988" vert-adv-y="988"></glyph.data></g></svg> <br/> %</td><td class="align_center"> <svg height="9.22069pt" id="M275" style="vertical-align:-3.18151pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -6.03918 12.57 9.22069" width="12.57pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M465 45L455 77C444 72 433 69 421 69C404 69 389 81 389 128V293C389 349 380 392 337 425C310 445 280 454 239 454C182 443 111 409 73 383C51 366 38 353 38 335C38 309 74 285 101 285C121 285 136 293 143 319C151 350 160 374 171 388C180 400 191 406 205 406C241 406 265 371 265 308V278C242 258 165 234 106 212C54 192 30 168 30 116C30 54 81 -12 165 -12C185 -12 232 21 270 46C274 34 281 21 295 9C308 -3 329 -12 356 -12L465 45ZM265 79C249 67 238 63 223 63C200 63 163 84 163 139C163 174 179 192 210 208C231 219 247 229 265 239V79Z" id="g13-95"></path><glyph.data ascent="1024" descent="-360" horiz-adv-x="466" vert-adv-y="466"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.058,3.132)"><path d="M655 676H628C608 656 600 650 571 650H156C118 650 114 651 102 676H77C63 615 45 548 24 485L60 486C81 531 97 562 114 580C134 603 148 611 252 611H308L217 127C201 41 196 38 105 32L98 0H384L393 32C300 38 288 41 304 127L393 611H466C553 611 571 604 582 580C592 559 597 530 595 485L630 489C636 548 645 624 655 676Z" id="g50-85"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="673" vert-adv-y="673"></glyph.data></g></svg> <br/> %</td><td class="align_center"> <svg height="12.7178pt" id="M276" style="vertical-align:-3.42947pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 13.8383 12.7178" width="13.8383pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M619 670C619 686 593 712 555 712S459 686 410 634S335 504 320 430H250L219 400L222 388H312L258 73C223 -133 201 -166 187 -180C175 -191 158 -199 140 -199C123 -199 88 -188 74 -172C68 -166 63 -164 54 -171C38 -185 23 -201 23 -215C23 -236 60 -261 93 -261C122 -261 161 -247 207 -200C268 -138 300 -71 337 94C365 220 376 277 394 387L501 399L521 430H401C432 623 464 665 501 665C524 665 544 651 567 627C577 617 583 618 592 625C601 631 619 651 619 670Z" id="g113-103"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="642" vert-adv-y="642"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.721,3.132)"><path d="M722 32C646 41 636 48 622 116L544 496L509 667L472 658L153 123C106 45 93 42 27 32L18 0H259L268 32C178 40 172 48 204 107L272 233H509C523 180 533 137 540 96C548 50 546 39 466 32L457 0H714L722 32ZM502 283H299L448 547H450L502 283Z" id="g50-66"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="740" vert-adv-y="740"></glyph.data></g></svg> <br/> %</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">High-lat.</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 14.0226ptpx;"><svg height="8.46388pt" id="M277" style="vertical-align:-0.3499298pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.11395 14.0226 8.46388" width="14.0226pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M535 230V280H52V230H535Z" id="g117-33"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="587" vert-adv-y="587"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.631,0)"><path d="M447 623H65C61 580 56 530 47 475H76C100 541 106 550 172 550H388C308 376 196 170 91 -1L98 -12L172 -2C268 204 360 408 455 611L447 623Z" id="g113-56"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="480" vert-adv-y="480"></glyph.data></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center">2,359</td><td class="align_center">12.5</td><td class="align_center">81.5</td><td class="align_center">59.2</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Mid-lat.</td><td class="align_center">8</td><td class="align_center">7,253</td><td class="align_center">13.4</td><td class="align_center">85.5</td><td class="align_center">61.0</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Tropics</td><td class="align_center">26</td><td class="align_center">22,900</td><td class="align_center">15.2</td><td class="align_center">90.8</td><td class="align_center">62.9</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="6"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

sw absorptivity <svg height="9.33485pt" id="M269" style="vertical-align:-3.295671pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -6.03918 20.1238 9.33485" width="20.1238pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M465 45L455 77C444 72 433 69 421 69C404 69 389 81 389 128V293C389 349 380 392 337 425C310 445 280 454 239 454C182 443 111 409 73 383C51 366 38 353 38 335C38 309 74 285 101 285C121 285 136 293 143 319C151 350 160 374 171 388C180 400 191 406 205 406C241 406 265 371 265 308V278C242 258 165 234 106 212C54 192 30 168 30 116C30 54 81 -12 165 -12C185 -12 232 21 270 46C274 34 281 21 295 9C308 -3 329 -12 356 -12L465 45ZM265 79C249 67 238 63 223 63C200 63 163 84 163 139C163 174 179 192 210 208C231 219 247 229 265 239V79Z" id="g13-95"></path><glyph.data ascent="1024" descent="-360" horiz-adv-x="466" vert-adv-y="466"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.058,3.132)"><path d="M416 501L399 642C356 655 314 665 271 665C140 665 63 582 63 486C63 372 163 325 229 290C304 250 359 217 359 142C359 70 316 25 240 25C138 25 94 125 78 186L44 178C52 123 64 45 72 21C81 16 96 8 121 0S179 -15 220 -15C353 -15 445 68 445 176C445 289 350 335 270 375C191 414 143 449 143 520C143 572 177 627 253 627C340 627 366 556 382 495L416 501Z" id="g58-81"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="484" vert-adv-y="484"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,10.462,3.132)"><path d="M969 650H746V617C823 609 825 598 814 540C798 470 743 278 700 144H698C638 319 581 476 525 641H491C440 478 384 317 329 145H327C283 286 245 418 205 553C192 601 192 609 267 617V650H20V617C80 609 98 602 122 522C177 343 233 172 285 -9H321C372 152 428 309 485 485H487C542 330 604 151 660 -9H696C779 269 841 460 862 521C891 599 900 609 969 617V650Z" id="g58-85"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="988" vert-adv-y="988"></glyph.data></g></svg>, total lw absorptivity <svg height="9.22069pt" id="M270" style="vertical-align:-3.18151pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -6.03918 12.57 9.22069" width="12.57pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M465 45L455 77C444 72 433 69 421 69C404 69 389 81 389 128V293C389 349 380 392 337 425C310 445 280 454 239 454C182 443 111 409 73 383C51 366 38 353 38 335C38 309 74 285 101 285C121 285 136 293 143 319C151 350 160 374 171 388C180 400 191 406 205 406C241 406 265 371 265 308V278C242 258 165 234 106 212C54 192 30 168 30 116C30 54 81 -12 165 -12C185 -12 232 21 270 46C274 34 281 21 295 9C308 -3 329 -12 356 -12L465 45ZM265 79C249 67 238 63 223 63C200 63 163 84 163 139C163 174 179 192 210 208C231 219 247 229 265 239V79Z" id="g13-95"></path><glyph.data ascent="1024" descent="-360" horiz-adv-x="466" vert-adv-y="466"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.058,3.132)"><path d="M655 676H628C608 656 600 650 571 650H156C118 650 114 651 102 676H77C63 615 45 548 24 485L60 486C81 531 97 562 114 580C134 603 148 611 252 611H308L217 127C201 41 196 38 105 32L98 0H384L393 32C300 38 288 41 304 127L393 611H466C553 611 571 604 582 580C592 559 597 530 595 485L630 489C636 548 645 624 655 676Z" id="g50-85"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="673" vert-adv-y="673"></glyph.data></g></svg>, and back-radiated fraction <svg height="12.7178pt" id="M271" style="vertical-align:-3.42947pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 13.8383 12.7178" width="13.8383pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M619 670C619 686 593 712 555 712S459 686 410 634S335 504 320 430H250L219 400L222 388H312L258 73C223 -133 201 -166 187 -180C175 -191 158 -199 140 -199C123 -199 88 -188 74 -172C68 -166 63 -164 54 -171C38 -185 23 -201 23 -215C23 -236 60 -261 93 -261C122 -261 161 -247 207 -200C268 -138 300 -71 337 94C365 220 376 277 394 387L501 399L521 430H401C432 623 464 665 501 665C524 665 544 651 567 627C577 617 583 618 592 625C601 631 619 651 619 670Z" id="g113-103"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="642" vert-adv-y="642"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.721,3.132)"><path d="M722 32C646 41 636 48 622 116L544 496L509 667L472 658L153 123C106 45 93 42 27 32L18 0H259L268 32C178 40 172 48 204 107L272 233H509C523 180 533 137 540 96C548 50 546 39 466 32L457 0H714L722 32ZM502 283H299L448 547H450L502 283Z" id="g50-66"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="740" vert-adv-y="740"></glyph.data></g></svg> as a function of the surface temperature and water vapor concentration in three climate zones.

International Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

tab9

Table 9

Table 9: Radiation Transfer Calculations and Assessment of Global Warming by CO<sub>2</sub> 

International Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

Radiation Transfer Calculations and Assessment of Global Warming by CO2

Table 9

Radiation Transfer Calculations and Assessment of Global Warming by CO₂