The Effect of Pulsed Radiofrequency Combined with a Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection on Chronic Lumbar Radicular Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 1

Patient characteristics at baseline ().

Characteristics	C-group; (%)	T-group; (%)	value
Diagnosis
Spinal stenosis	7 (35)	7 (35)	1.000
Spondylolisthesis	5 (25)	6 (30)	0.718
Herniated disc	7 (35)	6 (30)	0.740
Previous surgery	1 (5)	1 (5)	1.000
Sex
Male	10 (50)	10 (50)	1.000
Female	10 (50)	10 (50)	1.000
Age
Mean ± SD	58 ± 14	57 ± 12	0.855
Pain score	75 ± 14	72 ± 10	0.357
SF-36
Physical component	48.0 ± 6.6	48.6 ± 6.3	0.754
Mental component	46.4 ± 7.3	47.7 ± 7.6	0.573
Level of intervention
L5	9 (45)	8 (40)	0.752
S1	9 (45)	10 (50)	0.752
L4 and L5	1 (5)	0 (0)	1.000
L5 and S1	1 (5)	2 (10)	1.000
One-level treatment	18 (90)	18 (90)	1.000
Two-level treatment	2 (10)	2 (10)	1.000