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| EMF characteristics | Study group | Method | Study outcome | Reference |
|
| 2450 MHz pulsed (2 msec pulses, 500 pps), 2 mW/, Avg. SAR = 1.2 W/kg, 2 h, melatonin and PBN* treatment before and after exposure | Male Sprague Dawley rats | Microgel electrophoresis assay in brain cells | Involvement of free radicals in inducing DNA damage in brain cells, and protective effects of melatonin andPBN as free radical scavenger | [3] |
|
| 0.1 mT, 60 Hz, 5 h and 30 min after LPS† administration, mice were administered with NO‡ spin trap MGD-F | Male
BALB/C mice | measurement in liver | EMF increased LPS induced NO production but not alone | [194] |
|
| 900 MHz, 30 min/day, 5 days/wk for 2 weeks, mel. (10 mg/kg daily orally) | Male Sprague Dawley rats in three groups | NO measurement in nasal and paranasal mucosa by Griess reaction | Increase in NO level in sinus and nasal mucosa, beneficial effect of melatonin in preventing these changes | [195] |
|
| 900 MHz MW, melatonin (100 g/kg sc before daily exposure) | Sprague Dawley rats in three groups | Lipid peroxidation in cortex brain and hippocampus tissue | Rise in MDA∣∣ levels, melatonin caused decline in hippocampal MDA levels with no decrease in cortex | [2] |
|
900 MHz RF, CW & GSM MP waves for 10 or 30 min,
SAR = 0.3 & 1 W/kg, = 500 M | Murine L929 fibrosarcoma cells | Measurement of ROS | No ROS generation either alone or in association with MX | [5] |
|
| MP, 20, 40, 60 days, SAR = 0.043−0.135 W/kg), melatonin = 2 mg/kg body weight i.p. | Wistar rats in four groups | Biochemical estimation of MDA, carbonyl groups, XO1 and CAT2 activity in brain tissue | Significant rise in MDA, carbonyl groups, XO activity, and reduced CAT activity after 40 and 60 days exposure; melatonin ameliorates OS | [152] |
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