|
Family | Common name | Specie name | Melatonin content (pg/g FW tissue*) | Reference |
|
Adoxaceae | Laurestine | Viburnum tinus L. | 633 L | [113] |
|
Amaranthaceae | Red goosefoot | Chenopodium rubrum L. | 240 S | [80] |
|
Anacardiaceae | Pistachio Cyprus turpentine | Pistacia lentiscus L. Pistacia palaestina Boiss. | 581 L; 536 F 498 L | [113] [113] |
|
Arecaceae | Date palm | Phoenix dactylifera L. | 469 L | [113] |
|
Asparagaceae | Wild asparagus Jew's myrtle | Asparagus horridus L. Ruscus aculeatus L. | 142 L 954 L | [113] [113] |
|
Asteraceae | Feverfew Yarrow | Tanacetum parthenium L. Achillea millefolium L. | 1,3–1,7 (µg/g) L 340,000 L + S | [114] [115] |
|
Brassicaceae | Thale cress
| Arabidopsis thaliana L. “ | 480,000 L 4,400 Se | [49] |
|
Caprifoliaceae | Honeysuckle | Lonicera etrusca Santi | 521 L | [113] |
|
Convolvulaceae | Ivy morning glory | Ipomoea nil L. | 6 S | [52] |
|
Ephedraceae | Joint fir | Ephedra campylopoda L. | 178 L | [113] |
|
Fabaceae | Chinese liquorice White lupin “ “ | Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Lupinus albus L. “ “ | 250 L; 34 (µg/g) R 8,000–55,000 R 10–75,000 L 3,830 Se | [94] [87] [87] [44] |
|
Hypericaceae | St. John’s wort “ | Hypericum perforatum L. “ | 1,8–23 (µg/g) L 1,7 (µg/g) Fl | [116] |
|
Lamiaceae | Sage | Salvia officinalis L. | 280–400 L | [110] |
|
Lauraceae | Laurel | Laurus nobilis L. | 8,331 L; 3,710 F | [113] |
|
Meliaceae | White cedar | Melia azedarach L. | 1,579 L; 585 F | [113] |
|
Moraceae | Common fig Mulberries “ | Ficus carica L. Morus spp. L. “ | 12,915 L; 3,959 F 990 L 1,000–33,000 L | [113] [113] [117] |
|
Myrtaceae | Pineapple guava True myrtle | Feijoa sellowiana O.Berg Myrtus communis L. Myrtus spp. | 1,529 L 291 L 490 L | [113] [113] [113] |
|
Oleaceae | Olive Mock privet | Olea europaea L. Phillyrea latifolia | 4,306 L; 532 F 6,337 L; 589 F | [113] [113] |
|
Poaceae | Rice plant “ Barley plant Canary grass Wheat plant Oat plant | Oryza sativa L. “ Hordeum vulgare L. Phalaris canariensis L. Triticum aestivum L. Avena sativa L. | 100 L; 500 S; 200 R; 400 Fl 500–12,000 R; 82,300 S 26,700 S 124,700 S 90,600 S | [70] [118] [64, 86] [64] [64] [64] |
|
Pontederiaceae | Water hyacinth | Eicchornia crassipes Marth. | 2,900–48,000 L | [82] |
|
Portulacaceae | Purslane | Portulaca oleracea L. | 19,000 L | [119] |
|
Resedaceae | Arabic desert shrub | Ochradenus baccatus Del. | 474 L | [113] |
|
Rhamnaceae | Mediterranean buckthorn “ Christ's thorn jujube | Rhamnus alaternus L. Rhamnus palaestina Boiss. Ziziphus spina-christi L. | 584 L; 306 F 1,167 L; 907 F 1,324 L | [113] [113] [113] |
|
Rosaceae | Mediterranean-medlar “ Shrubby blackberry | Crataegus azarolus L. Crataegus aronia L. Rubus fruticosus Hegetschw. | 435 L 341 L 805 L | [113] [113] [113] |
|
Rubiaceae | Narrow-leaved madder | Rubia tenuifolia D’Urv. | 905 L | [113] |
|
Santalaceae | Osyris | Osyris alba L. | 844 L | [113] |
|
Smilacaceae | Sarsaparilla | Smilax aspera L. | 443 L | [113] |
|
Solanaceae | Silverleaf nightshade Black nightshade Tomato plant “ “ Tobacco Devil’s trumpet | Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. Solanum nigrum L. Solanum lycopersicum L. “ “ Nicotiana tabacum L. Datura metel L. | 7,895 F 323 F 15,000–142,000 L 1,400–33,100 S 7,100–10,200 R 50 L 1,500 F; 15,000 Fl | [113] [113] [95] [95] [95] [32] [120] |
|
Styracaceae | Drug snowbell | Styrax officinalis L. | 4,069 L | [113] |
|
Verbenaceae | Common lantana | Lantana camara L. | 389 L | [113] |
|