Zirconium-Doped Fungal Sorbents: Preparation, Characterization, Adsorption Isotherm, and Kinetic and Mathematical Modelling Study for Removal of Fluoride

Table 6

Adsorption kinetic parameters for the fluoride removal by zirconium-doped fungal biosorbents.

Adsorption kinetic model	Penicillium camemberti SIT-CH-1 + zirconium	Aspergillus ficuum SIT-CH-2 + zirconium	Aspergillus terreus SIT-CH-3 + zirconium	Aspergillus flavipes SIT-CH-4 + zirconium
First-order model
Rate constant, (min^−1)		1.52	3.47	0.83
Constants, (mg/g)	9.427	9.68	9.07	9.43
	0.609	0.793	0.770	0.684
Pseudo-second-order model
Rate constant, (g/mg·min)		0.032	0.013	0.04
Constant, (mg/g)	9.284	9.893	9.616	9.609
	0.999	0.999	0.998	0.999
Intraparticle diffusion model
Rate constant, (mg/g·min^1/2)		0.0811	0.165	0.0487
Constant,	9.23	8.60	6.906	8.801
	0.975	0.985	0.996	0.992
Elovich model
Rate constant, α (mmole/g·min)			4641.886
Constant, β (g/mmole)		0.342	0.68	0.19
	0.891	0.976	0.961	0.928