Vaccine Boosting CAR-T Cell Therapy: Current and Future Strategies

Table 1

Preclinical and clinical studies with CAR-T cells utilizing a booster vaccine platform. (Clinical trials are registered at clinicaltrials.gov).

Strategy	Cancer type	CAR target	Vaccine used	Vaccine target	Status	Ref
CAR-T cell amplifying RNA vaccine	Relapsed or refractory advanced solid tumors	CLDN6	CLDN6-LPX	DCs	Clinical trials (NCT04503278)	[31]
Viral T cells modified with a CAR	Metastatic, sarcoma, and neuroblastoma	GD2	Live attenuated VZV vaccine	VZV specific T cells	Clinical trials (NCT01953900)	[28]
Amphiphile CAR-T ligands	Breast cancer; Lung cancer	FITC	Amph-FITC	APCs	Preclinical	[30]
Bispecific CMV/CD1 9 T cells	Lymphoma	CD19	CMV vaccine	CMVpp65	Preclinical	[32]
CAR-T therapy plus DC vaccine	WT1^+/HLA-; A2402^+ tumors	WT1 peptide	DCs loaded with WT1 antigen	WT1 peptide	Preclinical	[33]
ACTIV therapy	Melanoma; Breast cancer; Liver cancer	Her2	Live recombinant vaccinia virus	Melanocyte protein (gp100)	Preclinical	[29]