Preinterventional Cystatin C: A Highly Prognostic Marker for All-Cause Mortality after Coronarography
Table 1
Baseline characteristics depending on preinterventional CyC quartiles.
(mg/dL)
Total
CyC
CyC
CyC
CyC
<1.06
1.07–1.26
1.27–1.58
>1.59
Patients in group, (% of total)
373 (100.0)
97 (26.0)
90 (24.1)
94 (25.2)
92 (25.2)
CyC, mean ± s.d., (mg/dL)
1.39 ± 0.5
0.9 ± 0.14
1.17 ± 0.06
1.41 ± 0.09
2.09 ± 0.44
Women, (%)
61 (16.4)
11 (11.3)
12 (13.3)
17 (18.1)
21 (22.8)
0.144
Age, mean ± s.d., (years)
67.4 ± 10.1
62.3 ± 11.0
67.8 ± 9.7
69.4 ± 9.9
70.2 ± 7.9
<0.001
Adipositas, (%)
91 (24.4)
16 (16.5)
27 (30.0)
26 (27.7)
22 (23.9)
0.147
History of smoking, (%)
206 (55.2)
52 (53.6)
54 (60.0)
55 (58.5)
45 (48.9)
0.659
Diabetes, (%)
109 (29.2)
15 (15.5)
27 (30.0)
33 (35.1)
34 (37.0)
0.004
Hypertension, (%)
280 (75.1)
68 (70.1)
74 (82.2)
70 (78.7)
68 (73.9)
0.220
Hyperlipidemia, (%)
240 (64.3)
62 (63.9)
63 (70.0)
61 (64.9)
54 (58.7)
0.618
Cardiovascular disease in family, (%)
142 (38.1)
42 (43.3)
30 (33.3)
37 (39.4)
33 (35.9)
0.549
Coronary heart disease, total, (%)
287 (76.9)
71 (73.2)
77 (85.6)
75 (79.8)
64 (69.6)
0.001
1-vessel disease
51 (13.7)
15 (15.5)
18 (20.0)
10 (10.6)
8 (8.7)
2-vessel disease
90 (24.1)
34 (35.1)
19 (21.1)
21 (22.3)
16 (17.4)
3-vessel disease
146 (39.1)
22 (22.7)
40 (44.4)
44 (46.8)
40 (43.5)
Peripheral arterial occlusive disease, (%)
66 (17.7)
9 (9.3)
15 (16.7)
24 (25.5)
18 (19.6)
0.030
Coronary heart disease and peripheral arterial occlusive disease, (%)
297 (76.9)
75 (77.3)
79 (87.8)
77 (81.9)
66 (71.7)
0.050
Ejection fraction ≤35%, (%)
19 (5.1)
3 (3.1)
4 (4.4)
10 (10.6)
2 (2.2)
0.037
Previous myocardial infarction, (%)
164 (44.0)
40 (41.2)
40 (44.4)
49 (52.1)
35 (38.0)
0.245
Haemoglobin, mean ± s.d., (mg/dL)
13.6 ± 1.7
14.3 ± 1.5
13.9 ± 1.5
13.5 ± 1.7
12.8 ± 1.7
<0.001
Baseline creatinine, mean ± s.d., (mg/dL)
1.35 ± 0.4
1.07 ± 0.1
1.2 ± 0.2
1.35 ± 0.3
1.77 ± 0.5
<0.001
Baseline GFR, mean ± s.d., (mL/min/1.73 m2)
58.5 ± 16.5
73.5 ± 11.9
63.7 ± 10.7
55.2 ± 11.9
41.0 ± 11.2
<0.001
Chronic kidney disease, total, (%)
<0.001
Stage 1
8 (2.1)
8 (8.3)
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
Stage 2
176 (47.2)
79 (81.4)
62 (68.9)
30 (31.9)
5 (5.4)
Stage 3
175 (46.9)
10 (10.3)
27 (30.0)
64 (68.1)
74 (80.4)
Stage 4
14 (3.8)
0 (0.0)
1 (1.1)
0 (0.0)
13 (14.1)
Stage 5
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
Amount of contrast media, mean ± s.d., (mg/dL)
189 ± 79
186 ± 80
197 ± 89
193 ± 71
181 ± 75
0.521
Comparison of CyC quartiles. Differences were analysed by ANOVA--test for continuous variables and by chi-square test for dichotomous or categorical variables. GFR: glomerular filtration rate; s.d.: standard deviation. The stages of CKD (chronic kidney disease) are mainly based on estimated GFR MDRD formula: stage 1 (≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2), stage 2 (60–89 mL/min/1.73 m2), stage 3 (30–59 mL/min/1.73 m2), stage 4 (15–29 mL/min/1.73 m2), and stage 5 (<15 mL/min/1.73 m2 or dialysis). : number of patients affected.
