Deleterious Effects of Increased Intra-Abdominal Pressure on Kidney Function

Figure 1

(a) Pathophysiology of edema formation and elevated intra-abdominal pressure in patients with congestive heart failure and (b) imbalance between natriuretic and antinatriuretic neurohormonal systems in congestive heart failure, in favor of the former.

(a)

(b)