Modified Bézier Curves with Shape-Preserving Characteristics Using Differential Evolution Optimization Algorithm

Table 4

Table for test function, 𝑓₄.

𝑖	𝑥𝑖	𝑦𝑖	y𝑏𝑖	𝑦𝑚𝑖	𝜁𝑖	Performance
0	0	0	0	0	0.5461
1	0.20	−0.10	−0.1851	−0.1394	0.2394
2	0.30	−0.30	−0.3436	−0.3256	−0.3020
3	0.50	−0.70	−0.6508	−0.7163	2.8020
4	0.70	−1.10	−0.8440	−1.1115	−0.6660
5	0.80	−1.20	−0.8495	−1.2315	1.9287
6	0.90	−1.10	−0.7862	−1.2413	2.0117	𝜀𝑏𝑐=4.7260
7	1.10	−0.90	−0.4626	−0.8119	2.7428	𝜀𝑚𝑐=0.6024
8	1.30	−0.30	−0.0211	0.0393	2.9284	𝜀𝑏𝑠=155.1711
9	1.40	0.70	0.1929	0.4972	1.9595	𝜀𝑚𝑠=78.8906
10	1.50	1.20	0.3446	0.8282	2.9170	𝑓cost,𝑏=20.2431
11	1.70	1.00	0.4338	0.9920	2.5532	𝑓cost,𝑚=8.4915
12	1.90	0.50	0.2366	0.4872	0.9447
13	2.00	0	0.0771	0.1093	−1.6003
14	2.10	−0.50	−0.0844	−0.2551	2.8826
15	2.20	−0.60	−0.2089	−0.5216	1.9124
16	2.60	−0.50	−0.1548	−0.4667	1.9470
17	2.80	−0.10	0.2163	0.0712	1.8031
18	3.00	1.00	1.0000	1.0213	1.0213