Neck Flexion Induces Larger Deformation of the Brain Than Extension at a Rotational Acceleration, Closed Head Trauma

Figure 8

The ANOVA of the pressure data provided the following results: for pressure measurements in the brainstem: low flexion was significantly different from low extension. Pressure in the brainstem was not significantly different between low and high extension. For pressure measurements in the basal ganglia: low flexion was significantly different from low extension. Pressure in the basal ganglia was not significantly different between low and high extension. For pressure measurements in the hippocampus: low extension was significantly different from high extension. For pressure measurements in the parietotemporal cortex: low extension was not significantly different from high extension. For pressure measurements in low extension trauma: only the peak pressure in the hippocampus was significantly different from the peak pressure in the brainstem. All other combinations of pressure recordings in the brainstem, basal ganglia, hippocampus, and parietotemporal cortex were found not to be significantly different from each other when exposed to a low extension trauma. For pressure measurements in high extension trauma: only the peak pressure in the hippocampus was significantly different from the peak pressure in the brainstem and basal ganglia. All other combinations of pressure recordings in the brainstem, basal ganglia, hippocampus, and parietotemporal cortex were found not significantly different from each other when exposed to a high extension trauma. For pressure measurements in low flexion trauma: peak pressures in the brainstem and basal ganglia regions were found not to be significantly different from each other.