Study Study method Theoretical underpinning Type & number of components Dose Mode of delivery Teaching method Ross et al. 2007 [17 ]; Hayes et al. 2005 [26 ]* and Doyle et al. 2010 [27 ]* Design: community randomized trial sample size : = 9219 (female: = 4116; male: = 5103) Not reported Educational and behavioral components Amount: 40 min. frequency: 2/year; 12/year duration: 3 years Strategy: face-to-face Media format: one-on-one group Didactic: lessons on sexual health interactive: drama, story-telling, role-play, games, exercise Maro et al. 2009 [12 ] Design : quasi-experimental sample size : = 764Achievement goal theory Educational and behavioral components Amount: NR frequency: NR duration: 8 weeks Strategy: face-to-face format: group Didactic: education sessions interactive: soccer
Pettifor et al. 2005 [18 ] and Stadler and Hlongwa 2002 [28 ]* Design : quasi-experimental sample size : = 8735Not reported Educational and behavioral components Amount: NR frequency: NR duration: NR Strategy written media face-to-face format: one-on-one (clinic services) group Didactic: print & prevention information interactive: recreational activities (e.g., sports) Cowan et al., 2008 [29 ] and Cowan et al. 2010* [19 ] Design : quasi-experimental sample size : = 6791Social learning theory & Stages of changed model Educational and behavioral components Amount: 3 hours (180 min) frequency: 6/week–22/year duration: 4 years (208 weeks) Strategy: face-to-face format: one-on-one (clinics) group Didactic: in & out of school curriculum interactive: body mapping, drama, story-telling, role-play & group sessions Erulkar et al. 2004 [20 ] Design : quasi-experimental sample siz e: = 1865 (female: = 697; male: = 711)Not reported Educational and behavioral components Amount: 90–120 min. frequency: 1/week duration: 36 months Strategy: face-to-face format: group Didactic: lectures interactive: group discussion drama role-play Underwood et al., 2006 [21 ] Design : quasi-experimental, separate sample baseline and follow-up design sample size : = 1156 (female: = 660; male: = 496)Theory of behavior change Educational and behavioral components Amount: NR frequency: NR duration: NR Strategy: media written format: not applicable (multimedia program) Didactic: print materials to reinforce STI and HIV risk reduction messages radio spot advertisements, music and music video, posters, billboards Nastasi et al., 1998 [25 ] Design : ethnographic and survey research sample size : = 89 attended 1 session (female: = 41; male: = 54) Sample Size : = 66 regular attendee (female: = 39; male: = 27)Social construction theory Educational and behavioral components Amount: 90 minutes frequency: 3 sessions/week (total of 12) duration: 4 weeks Strategy: written face-to-face format: group Didactic: 4 modules on reproductive health, AIDS, STI, HIV prevention; presentation Interactive: problem-solving real life situations; group activity and discussion related to social negotiations (for real-life situations) Speizer et al., 2001 [22 ] Design: quasi-experimental sample size: site 1: = 403; (female: = 200; male: = 203) sample size: site 2: = 413 (female: = 205; male: = 208) Not reported Educational and behavioral components Amount: NR frequency: NR duration: 18 months Strategy: face-to-face written (comic strips) format: one-on-one group Didactic: Print & prevention information interactive: not applicable Jewkes et al., 2008 [23 ] Design: cluster randomised trial sample size : = 2776 (female: = 1416; men: = 1360)Participatory learning approaches Educational and behavioral components Amount: 3 hours (total of 50 hours) frequency: 13 sessions duration: 6–8 weeks Strategy: face-to-face format: group Didactic: sessions on sexual and reproductive health, HIV, and prevention interactive: role-play drama Harvey et al., 2000 [24 ] Design: randomized community trial sample size : = 699Not reported Educational and behavioral components Amount: NR frequency: NR duration: NR Strategy: face-to-face media (songs) format: group Didactic: posters interactive: plays role-play drama dance songs