The Biological Effects of Combining Metals in a Posterior Spinal Implant: In Vivo Model Development Report of the First Two Cases

Table 4

Histological results of tissue overlying metal junctions comparing wire and other types of combinations (values are average ± standard deviation).

	Wire	Other	𝑃 value
	(𝑛=12)	(𝑛=24)
Foreign body reaction	12.4±13.5	12.0±9.6	0.956
(number of cells in 6 100x fields)
Metal particles	19.8±32.7	4.3±12.7	0.241
(number of particles in 6 fields)
Inflammation (average score)	1.8±0.4	1.7±0.8	0.711
(0 = not present, 2 = extensively present)