Nonlinear Dynamics of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Figure 4

Bifurcation diagram in the plane injection strength-frequency detuning calculated by the SFM model for 𝜅=300 ns⁻¹, 𝛾_𝑝=30 ns⁻¹, 𝛾_𝑎=0.5 ns⁻¹, 𝛾=1 ns⁻¹, 𝛾_𝑠=100 ns⁻¹ and 𝜇=1.5. Close view of the codimension-two bifurcation mechanisms (b) and of the wobbling shape in the switching curve with local minima indicated by thick dotted arrows (c). (TR; “PS off”) and (TR) curves have been removed, respectively, in panels (b) and (c) for clarity. Black (gray) denotes supercritical (subcritical) bifurcation. After [57]. (Reprinted by permission from Phys. Rev. A.)

(a)

(b)

(c)