Collective Micro-Optics Technologies for VCSEL Photonic Integration
Figure 1
(a) Critical parameters for VCSEL-to-fiber coupling efficiency and possible configuration for lens insertion. (b) Schematic view of an horizontal VCSEL-to-fiber association through the use of a 45° tilted mirror or a TIR microprism for light deflection in the horizontal plane. Direct coupling with a 45°-ended fiber or coupler is also possible.
