Ruthenium(III) Catalysis in Perborate Oxidation of 5-Oxoacids

Table 5

Influence of ionic strength on ruthenium(III) catalysis^a.

10[KNO3]; (mol dm^−3)	10^2[H^+]; (mol dm^−3)	10^3; (s^−1)							10^3(); (s^−1)
		p-OCH3	p-CH3	p-C6H5	–H	p-Cl	p-Br	m-NO2	p-OCH3	p-CH3	p-C6H5	–H	p-Cl	p-Br
0	0.88	18.27; (4.11)	9.13; (2.05)	6.66; (1.49)	6.00; (1.35)	1.85; (0.42)	0.94; (0.21)	0.46; (0.11)	14.16	7.08	5.16	4.65	1.43	0.72	0.36
1.0	0.88	20.04; (4.01)	10.32; (2.01)	7.53; (1.47)	6.78; (1.32)	2.08; (0.41)	1.06; (0.21)	0.52; (0.10)	16.63	8.31	6.06	5.46	1.68	0.85	0.42
2.0	0.88	20.33; (4.19)	10.16; (2.09)	7.42; (1.53)	6.68; (1.38)	2.06; (0.43)	1.04; (0.22)	0.51; (0.11)	16.14	8.07	5.88	5.30	1.63	0.83	0.41
0	14.9	27.33; (11.56)	13.66; (5.78)	9.97; (4.22)	8.98; (3.80)	2.77; (1.17)	1.41; (0.59)	0.69; (0.29)	15.78	7.88	5.75	5.18	1.59	0.80	0.40
1.0	14.9	28.98; (10.28)	14.48; (5.14)	10.57; (3.75)	9.52; (3.38)	2.93; (1.04)	1.49; (0.53)	0.74; (0.27)	18.70	9.34	6.82	6.14	1.88	0.96	0.47
2.0	14.9	30.40; (9.61)	15.20; (4.81)	11.09; (3.51)	9.99; (3.16)	3.08; (0.98)	1.56; (0.49)	0.77; (0.25)	20.88	10.44	7.62	6.86	2.11	1.07	0.53

^a10³[Perborate]₀ = 1.0 mol dm⁻³; 10²[5-oxoacid]₀ = 4.0 mol dm⁻³; *10⁴[Ru(III)] = 1.0 mol dm⁻³; HOAc—H₂O = 1 : 1% (v/v); temp. = 308 K.
Parentheses values indicate the rate constant (, s⁻¹) of uncatalyzed reactions.