Optimal Method for Catastrophic Faults Diagnosis in RC Ladder Network

Table 21

Ambiguity from for four-step RC ladder network.

Fault	Ambiguity with the following
short	open (all ), short (), short (all ), open (), short (  & ≥12), short (), open (), short (), open ()
open	short (all ), short (), short (all ), open (), short (  & ≥12), short (), open (), short (), open ()
short	short, open (), short (), open, short (), short, open (), short (), open ()
short	short, open (all ), short, short (), open (), short, short (), open (), open ()
open	short, open (), short (), short (), short (), short, open, short (), open ()
short	short, open (  & ≥12), short (), short (), open (), short (), open (,   & ≥18), short (), open (, )
short	short, open, short (), short (), open (), short (), open (), short (), open (, )
open	short, open (), short (), short, open (), short (,   & ≥18), short, short ()
short	short, open, short, open (), short (), open (), short (), short (), short (), open ()
short	short ()
open	short, open, short, short, open (), short, short (, ), short ()
short	No ambiguity