The Effectiveness and Applicability of Compensatory Cognitive Training for Japanese Patients with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study

Table 1

Baseline group comparison of participants ().

	CCT (); Mean (SD)	TAU (); Mean (SD)	or	value
Demographics
Age (years)	34.6 (10.2)	39.5 (8.9)	1.31	0.20	0.51
Gender (% male)	61.5%	46.2%	0.62	0.43
Education (years)	14.7 (1.5)	14.0 (1.8)	1.06	0.30	0.42
Illness burden
Illness duration (years)	11.8 (6.8)	16.5 (9.4)	1.61	0.16	0.57
Age at onset (years)	22.8 (6.6)	22.9 (7.5)	0.01	0.94	0.02
Antipsychotic dose (mg/day, RPD equivalent)	5.5 (3.6)	5.7 (3.6)	0.11	0.91	0.06
SAPS positive symptoms	19.5 (14.3)	29.4 (21.8)	1.36	0.19	0.54
SANS negative symptoms	43.3 (17.4)	43.5 (20.0)	0.12	0.98	0.01
Cognitive functions
Verbal memory
JVLT total score	29.5 (6.9)	28.1 (7.7)	0.74	0.62	0.19
RBMT immediate recall	13.2 (4.9)	13.0 (4.7)	0.10	0.92	0.04
Processing speed
Digit symbol raw score	70.5 (16.0)	76.2 (21.2)	0.77	0.45	0.30
TMT-A time	40.0 (13.2)	35.9 (11.4)	0.84	0.41	0.33
Executive functioning
WCST completed category	5.5 (1.7)	5.2 (2.1)	0.42	0.68	0.16
TMT-B time	77.6 (34.7)	75.8 (24.3)	0.15	0.88	0.06

RPD = risperidone, SAPS = Scale for Positive Symptoms, SANS = Scale for Negative Symptoms, JVLT = Japanese Verbal Learning Test, RBMT = Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test, TMT-A = Trail Making Test-A, WCST = Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and TMT-B = Trail Making Test-B.