Research Article
The Effectiveness and Applicability of Compensatory Cognitive Training for Japanese Patients with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study
Table 1
Baseline group comparison of participants (
).
| | CCT () Mean (SD) | TAU () Mean (SD) | or | value | |
| Demographics | | | | | | Age (years) | 34.6 (10.2) | 39.5 (8.9) | 1.31 |
0.20 | 0.51 | Gender (% male) | 61.5% | 46.2% | 0.62 | 0.43 | | Education (years) | 14.7 (1.5) | 14.0 (1.8) | 1.06 | 0.30 | 0.42 | Illness burden | | | | | | Illness duration (years) | 11.8 (6.8) | 16.5 (9.4) | 1.61 | 0.16 | 0.57 | Age at onset (years) | 22.8 (6.6) | 22.9 (7.5) | 0.01 | 0.94 | 0.02 | Antipsychotic dose (mg/day, RPD equivalent) | 5.5 (3.6) | 5.7 (3.6) | 0.11 | 0.91 | 0.06 | SAPS positive symptoms | 19.5 (14.3) | 29.4 (21.8) | 1.36 | 0.19 | 0.54 | SANS negative symptoms | 43.3 (17.4) | 43.5 (20.0) | 0.12 | 0.98 | 0.01 | Cognitive functions | | | | | | Verbal memory | | | | | | JVLT total score | 29.5 (6.9) | 28.1 (7.7) | 0.74 | 0.62 | 0.19 | RBMT immediate recall | 13.2 (4.9) | 13.0 (4.7) | 0.10 | 0.92 | 0.04 | Processing speed | | | | | | Digit symbol raw score | 70.5 (16.0) | 76.2 (21.2) | 0.77 | 0.45 | 0.30 | TMT-A time | 40.0 (13.2) | 35.9 (11.4) | 0.84 | 0.41 | 0.33 | Executive functioning | | | | | | WCST completed category | 5.5 (1.7) | 5.2 (2.1) | 0.42 | 0.68 | 0.16 | TMT-B time | 77.6 (34.7) | 75.8 (24.3) | 0.15 | 0.88 | 0.06 |
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RPD = risperidone, SAPS = Scale for Positive Symptoms, SANS = Scale for Negative Symptoms, JVLT = Japanese Verbal Learning Test, RBMT = Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test, TMT-A = Trail Making Test-A, WCST = Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and TMT-B = Trail Making Test-B.
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