SEM images (row a) and corresponding TEM images (row b) of S. solfataricus cells show different stages of infection. (a1 and b1) Noninfected cells. (a2 and b2) Cells infected with STIV displaying membrane protrusions (thin arrows). (a3 and b3) Lysing cells releasing virus (thin arrows) and cell contents. (a4 and b4) Empty cells showing S-layer and broken membrane fragments (thin arrows). Pyramid-like structures from STIV-infected cells observed by SEM (c1 and c2) and TEM (c3) are also shown. (d1) TEM image of broken membrane and S-layer after cell lysis. Scale bars are indicated (courtesy of Mark Young).
