A Phylogenomic Census of Molecular Functions Identifies Modern Thermophilic Archaea as the Most Ancient Form of Cellular Life

Table 1

List of universal GO_TMF terms present in all 249 sampled genomes, sorted by nd values (ascending) (modified from [28]).

GO Id	GO Name	Age (nd)	Distribution Index (
GO:0005524	ATP binding	0	1
GO:0008270	zinc ion binding	0.005	1
GO:0000287	magnesium ion binding	0.009	1
GO:0005525	GTP binding	0.014	1
GO:0004222	metalloendopeptidase activity	0.023	1
GO:0010181	FMN binding	0.028	1
GO:0030145	manganese ion binding	0.033	1
GO:0003924	GTPase activity	0.038	1
GO:0003887	DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity	0.042	1
GO:0004252	serine-type endopeptidase activity	0.047	1
GO:0003746	translation elongation factor activity	0.052	1
GO:0009982	pseudouridine synthase activity	0.056	1
GO:0004523	ribonuclease H activity	0.103	1
GO:0004826	phenylalanine-tRNA ligase activity	0.108	1
GO:0004821	histidine-tRNA ligase activity	0.127	1
GO:0004820	glycine-tRNA ligase activity	0.127	1
GO:0004824	lysine-tRNA ligase activity	0.136	1
GO:0004831	tyrosine-tRNA ligase activity	0.150	1
GO:0004618	phosphoglycerate kinase activity	0.169	1
GO:0004634	phosphopyruvate hydratase activity	0.174	1
GO:0004749	ribose phosphate diphosphokinase activity	0.174	1
GO:0003952	NAD+ synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity	0.178	1
GO:0004815	aspartate-tRNA ligase activity	0.183	1
GO:0004807	triose-phosphate isomerase activity	0.183	1
GO:0004813	alanine-tRNA ligase activity	0.188	1
GO:0003917	DNA topoisomerase type I activity	0.192	1