Climatic and Altitudinal Influences on Variation in Macaca Limb Morphology

Table 5

Log-transformed indices and the Games-Howell post-hoc tests of limb lengths and joint diameters relative to M in males.

Ratio	Species	𝑛	Mean	SD	The Games-Howell test results
Males log (HUM/M^0.333)	A	5	4.33	0.04	T < A; F < N, J; 𝑃<0.05
	F	40	4.30	0.05	T < F, J; M < N, 𝑃<0.01
	J	16	4.30	0.04	T < N; 𝑃<0.001
	M	15	4.27	0.08
	N	10	4.39	0.07
	T	6	4.23	0.03
Males log (RAD/M^0.333)	A	5	4.30	0.01	F < N; T < F; 𝑃<0.05
	F	37	4.26	0.05	A > F, T; M < N; 𝑃<0.01
	J	14	4.30	0.05	T < J, N; 𝑃<0.001
	M	14	4.24	0.08
	N	10	4.38	0.09
	T	6	4.18	0.04
Males log (FEM/M^0.333)	A	5	4.38	0.04	N < A, M; T < A, J, M; 𝑃<0.05
	F	40	4.38	0.04	T < A, F, J, M, & N; 𝑃≤0.001
	J	17	4.40	0.06
	M	15	4.39	0.08
	N	11	4.49	0.08
	T	6	4.29	0.04
Males log (TIB/M^0.333)	A	5	4.32	0.02	A < J; 𝑃<0.05
	F	38	4.32	0.05	F < J; T < A; 𝑃<0.01
	J	17	4.37	0.05	T < F, J, M, N; 𝑃≤0.001
	M	15	4.34	0.08
	N	10	4.40	0.10
	T	6	4.19	0.04
Males log (HHAP/M^0.333)	A	5	2.20	0.02	F < N, T; M < A; 𝑃<0.05
	F	40	2.10	0.05	F < A; 𝑃≤0.001
	J	15	2.16	0.09
	M	15	2.12	0.07
	N	10	2.18	0.06
	T	6	2.21	0.06
Males log (FHAP/M^0.333)	A	5	2.06	0.02	F < A; M < T; 𝑃<0.05
	F	40	2.00	0.03	F < J, M, N, T; 𝑃≤0.001
	J	17	2.06	0.02
	M	15	2.04	0.02
	N	11	2.05	0.03
	T	6	2.08	0.02