Research Article

Item Response Theory Analysis of Two Questionnaire Measures of Arthritis-Related Self-Efficacy Beliefs from Community-Based US Samples

Table 1

Content of Rheumatoid Arthritis Self-efficacy scale (RASE) and Arthritis Self-efficacy scale (ASE) scales.

ASE subscales item number and conten :5-item Pain (items 1-5) and 6-items Other Symptoms (items 6-11)

(1)decrease your pain quite a bit?
(2)continue most of your daily activities?
(3)keep arthritis pain from interfering with your sleep?
(4)make a small to moderate reduction in your arthritis pain by using methods other than taking extra medication?
(5)make a large reduction in your arthritis pain by using methods other than taking extra medication?
(6)control your fatigue?
(7)do something to help yourself feel better if you are feeling blue?
(8)regulate your activity so as to be active without aggravating your arthritis?
(9)deal with the frustrations of arthritis?
(10)As compared with other people with arthritis like yours, how certain are you that you can manage arthritis pain during your daily activities?
(11)manage your arthritis symptoms so that you can do the things you enjoy doing?

RASE item number and conten

(1)use relaxation techniques to help with the pain.
(2)think about something else to help with pain.
(3)use my joints carefully (joint protection) to help with pain.
(4)think positively to help with pain.
(5)avoid doing things that cause pain.
(6)wind down and relax before going to bed, to improve my sleep.
(7)have a hot drink before bed, to improve my sleep.
(8)use relaxation before bed, to improve my sleep.
(9)pace myself and take my arthritis into account to help deal with tiredness.
(10)accept fatigue as part of my arthritis.
(11)use gadgets to help with mobility, household tasks, or personal care.
(12)ask for help to deal with the difficulties of doing everyday tasks.
(13)do exercises to deal with the difficulty of doing everyday tasks.
(14)plan or prioritize my day to deal with difficulties of doing everyday tasks.
(15)educate my family and friends about my arthritis to help with the strains that arthritis can make on relationships.
(16)explain to friends and family when I do or do not need help.
(17)discuss any problems with my partner or family.
(18)make time for leisure activities, hobbies, or socializing.
(19)save energy for leisure activities, hobbies, or socializing.
(20)focus on the positive when I am feeling down.
(21)use relaxation to deal with worries.
(22)allocate time for relaxation.
(23)use a relaxation tape or instructions to help me relax.
(24)use regular exercise.
(25)be aware of my limits in exercise.
(26)manage my medication, knowing how and when to take it.
(27)look out for and avoid side-effects of my medication.
(28)seek help with persistent side effects.

ith the exception of item 10, all ASE items begin with “How certain are you that you can…”
ll RASE items begin with “I believe I could…”