Healthcare Providers’ Recommendations for Physical Activity among US Arthritis Population: A Cross-Sectional Analysis by Race/Ethnicity

Table 1

Characteristics of individuals with self-reported arthritis from 2011, 2013, and 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey.

Variables	Overall; ( = 83,376); (%)	White; ( = 73,507); (%)	African American; ( = 8,005); (%)	Hispanic; ( = 1,864); (%)	value
Individual factors
Age (in years)
Mean (±SD)	59.6 (±14.5)	60.5 (±14.4)	57.3 (±14.4)	54.8 (±14.1)
Age (groups)
18–44 years	15.1	13.9	18.4	21.8
45–64 years	46.0	44.6	49.6	53.2
≥65 years	38.9	41.5	31.9	25.0
Gender
Female	58.3	57.5	57.7	65.4
Race
White	80.3	—	—	—
African American	9.7	—	—	—
Hispanic of any race	10.1	—	—	—
Health coverage
Yes	91.7	92.8	86.2	88.0
Body mass index
Obese	39.9	37.3	54.5	46.3
Overweight	34.5	35.2	28.1	35.2
Normal/underweight	25.6	27.5	17.4	18.6
Health status
Excellent	7.9	8.5	4.3	6.9
Very good	25.6	28.0	17.4	14.4
Good	33.1	33.8	34.0	27.1
Fair	22.1	19.4	30.6	35.3
Poor	11.3	10.4	13.7	16.3
Pain
Median (IQR)	5 (3,7)	5 (2,7)	6 (4,8)	6 (3,8)
Number of comorbidities
Median (IQR)	1 (0,2)	1 (0,2)	1 (0,2)	1 (0,2)	0.365
Activity limitation
No	52.3	51.7	53.4	56.7	0.072
Yes	47.7	48.3	46.6	43.3
Interpersonal factors
Marital status
Married	45.1	42.4	64.6	47.1
Usual source for care
Yes	84.6	85.5	82.5	79.1
Social factors
Education
≤High school	16.2	12.4	23.7	39.5
High school	30.5	31.7	30.1	20.9
Some college or technical education	33.1	33.6	33.0	28.9
4-year college or higher	20.3	22.3	13.2	10.7
Employment
Unemployed	6.3	5.7	9.4	8.7
Others (retired, homemakers, disabled,; students)	58.4	58.7	57.4	56.8
Employed	35.3	35.6	33.3	34.5
Income
<$50,000	55.3	51.9	69.1	68.8
≥$50,000	33.1	35.7	19.0	25.2
Undisclosed	11.7	12.4	11.8	6.0
Region
Northeast	17.5	17.6	20.0	14.4
Midwest	31.4	34.8	27.6	7.4
South	19.9	20.0	30.5	8.2
West	31.2	27.5	21.9	70.0

Sample weighted to the US population; significant .