Healthcare Providers’ Recommendations for Physical Activity among US Arthritis Population: A Cross-Sectional Analysis by Race/Ethnicity
Table 4
Logistic regression showing the association between race/ethnicity and providers’ recommendations for physical activity among individuals who adhered to physical activity guidelines and those who did not adhere.
Variables (reference category)
Measures
Adhered to physical activity ( = 40,743)
Did not adhere to physical activity ( = 42,633)
Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Individual factors
Race (White)
African American
0.83 (0.64–1.07)
0.55 (0.43–0.70)
Hispanic of any race
0.85 (0.63–1.16)
0.56 (0.44–0.72)
Age (in years)
1.01 (1.00–1.01)
1.00 (0.99–1.01)
Gender (male)
Female
0.67 (0.60–0.76)
0.81 (0.73–0.90)
Health coverage (yes)
No
1.24 (0.96–1.57)
1.49 (1.14–1.94)
Body mass index (normal/underweight)
Obese
0.55 (0.47–0.62)
0.56 (0.49–0.64)
Overweight
0.79 (0.68–0.89)
0.78 (0.68–0.88)
Health status (excellent)
Very good
0.85 (0.70–1.02)
0.86 (0.66–1.13)
Good
0.77 (0.64–0.93)
0.83 (0.64–1.08)
Fair
0.81 (0.63–1.03)
0.95 (0.72–1.27)
Poor
0.79 (0.57–1.10)
1.14 (0.85–1.53)
Pain
0.88 (0.86–0.91)
0.92 (0.90–0.94)
Number of comorbidities
0.94 (0.90–0.98)
0.96 (0.92–1.00)
Activity limitations (no)
Yes
0.70 (0.63–0.79)
0.74 (0.67–0.84)
Interpersonal factors
Marital status (married)
Others
1.19 (1.05–1.35)
1.11 (0.99–1.25)
Usual source for care (yes)
No
1.28 (1.09–1.50)
1.32 (1.13–1.54)
Social factors
Education (4-year college or higher)
<High school
1.69 (1.31–2.13)
1.72 (1.45–2.06)
High school
1.31 (1.13–1.52)
1.39 (1.21–1.59)
Some college or technical education
1.09 (0.95–1.25)
1.21 (1.04–1.39)
Employment (employed)
Unemployed
1.02 (0.76–1.37)
0.98 (0.74–1.28)
Others (retired, homemakers, disabled, students)
0.87 (0.75–1.00)
1.01 (0.86–1.15)
Income (≥$50,000)
<$50,000
1.16 (0.99–1.35)
1.12 (0.94–1.33)
Income undisclosed
1.22 (1.02–1.47)
1.10 (0.90–1.33)
Region (west)
Northeast
0.85 (0.71–1.01)
1.05 (0.86–1.26)
Midwest
0.98 (0.85–1.14)
1.08 (0.90–1.28)
South
0.92 (0.78–1.08)
1.09 (0.90–1.31)
Samples were weighted to the US population; significant .
