NOD2 Polymorphisms and Their Impact on Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Outcome

Table 1

A comparison of the results published on NOD2 genotype and haematopoietic stem cell transplant outcome.

Study	Donor source^a	Recipient diagnosis^b	T-cell depletion	Effect of NOD2 SNPs
			Yes—in vivo	Increased severe aGvHD (gr. III-IV) in SNP-positive donors and pairs
Holler et al. 2004 [76]	Mixed	Mixed	43% WT pairs	Increased severe GI aGvHD with SNP-positive pairs;
			48% SNP pairs	Increased transplant-related mortality in SNP-positive pairs
				Reduced overall survival with SNP-positive recipients and when both recipient and donor are SNP positive
Holler et al. 2006 [77]	RD	Mixed	—	Increased transplant-related mortality with increasing numbers of SNPs
				Increased severe (gr. III-IV) and severe GI aGvHD with increasing numbers of SNPs
				Lower overall and severe aGvHD (gr. III-IV) with SNP-positive donors
Elmaagacli et al. 2006 [78]	Mixed	Mixed	Yes ∼30%	Increased severe aGvHD (gr. III-IV) when both recipient and donor are SNP positive
				Reduced disease relapse when both recipient and donor are SNP-positive
Granell et al. 2006 [81]	RD	Mixed	Yes, 100%	Reduced disease-free survival in SNP positive recipients.
			Yes—in vivo Alemtuzumab	Reduced overall survival in SNP-positive recipients and pairs
Mayor et al. 2007 [82]	UD	Acute; leukaemia	82% WT pairs	Increased disease relapse in SNP-positive recipients and pairs
			85% SNP pairs	Reduced disease-free survival in SNP-positive recipients and pairs
			Yes,	Reduced overall survival in SNP-positive pairs (sibling HSCT) and SNP 13 positive donors (UD)
Holler et al. 2008 [78, 83]	Mixed	Mixed	78% cohort 1,	Increased severe aGvHD (gr III-IV) with SNP-positive pairs (sibling and UD) and SNP 13 positive donors (UD)
			22% cohort 2	Increased transplant-related mortality with SNP-positive pairs (sibling HSCT) and SNP 13 positive donors (UD)
van der Velden et al. 2009 [79]	RD	Mixed	Yes, 100%	Increased severe aGvHD (gr. III-IV) in SNP-positive pairs
				Increased transplant-related mortality in SNP-positive pairs
Wermke et al. 2010 [84]	Mixed	Mixed	Yes, in vivo ATG for UD, 31.6%	Increased disease relapse in SNP-positive recipients (trend at MV)
				Trend for less GI aGvHD in SNP-positive recipients (UV only)
Elmaagacli et al. 2011 [85]	RD	AML	None	Increase in overall (gr. I–IV) and severe (gr. III-IV) aGvHD in SNP-positive recipients
Kreyenberg et al. 2011 [86]	Unknown; allogeneic	Mixed	—	Reduced overall survival in SNP 13 positive recipients
				Increased transplant-related mortality in SNP 13 positive recipients
Ditschkowski et al. 2007 [87]	Mixed	Mixed	Yes, 30% in vivo	No significant effects on BO or BOOP
Hildebrandt et al. 2008 [88]	Mixed	Mixed	Yes, 37%	BO increased in SNP-positive recipients
Sairafi et al. 2008 [89]	Mixed	Mixed	Yes, 61%	No significant effects
Gruhn et al. 2009 [90]	Mixed	Mixed	None	No significant effects
Nguyen et al. 2010 [91]	UD	Mixed	None	No significant effects
van der Straaten et al. 2011 [92]	Mixed	Mixed	Yes, in vivo ATG for UD and HLA-mismatched RD	No significant effects

^aMixed as a donor source denotes both related (RD) and unrelated donors (UD) were used.
^bMixed as a recipient diagnosis indicates that the included recipients underwent HSCT for any one of a number of diseases.