High-Frequency Vibration Treatment of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Increases Differentiation toward Bone Tissue

Table 2

Normalized amount of the extracellular matrix constituents secreted and deposited by BMSC exposed or not to HFV after 21 and 40 days of culture. In the comparison with control samples, a 𝑃 value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant (*).

	Matrix protein deposition after 21 days cell culture in fg/(cell × dish)			Matrix protein deposition after 40 days cell culture in fg/(cell × dish)
	Control	HFV treated	HFV treated/control	Control	HFV treated	HFV treated/control
Alkaline phosphatase	11.85 ± 0.06	14.70 ± 1.21	1.2	10.10 ± 0.06	15.78 ± 1.02	1.6*
Decorin	2.61 ± 0.01	3.06 ± 0.09	1.2	2.10 ± 0.01	3.72 ± 0.11	1.7*
Fibronectin	9.72 ± 0.05	11.60 ± 0.87	1.2	4.05 ± 0.07	4.82 ± 0.97	1.2
Osteocalcin	1.39 ± 0.09	2.65 ± 0.07	1.9*	2.42 ± 0.02	4.50 ± 0.02	1.86*
Osteonectin	2.45 ± 0.01	5.49 ± 0.24	2.2*	3.08 ± 0.01	9.80 ± 3.41	3.2*
Osteopontin	3.12 ± 0.12	5.40 ± 0.32	1.7*	4.15 ± 0.12	7.10 ± 0.09	1.7*
Type I collagen	35.00 ± 1.23	49.00 ± 3.43	1.4*	36.00 ± 2.13	50.29 ± 0.93	1.4*
Type III collagen	3.50 ± 0.98	3.60 ± 0.09	1.02	4.42 ± 0.01	5.12 ± 1.03	1.15