Improvement of Physiological Characteristic of Selenium-Enriched Candida utilis with Amino Acids Addition

Table 3

Effects of amino acids addition on glutathione biosynthesis of selenium-enriched yeast.

Amino acid (mmol L^−1)	Glutathione (mg L^−1)						Maximum ratio increased (%)
	0	2	4	6	8	10
Cys	66.2±1.6	74.8±0.4	79.5±2.6	92.8±0.3	109.2±2.2	134.2±1.7	102.7
Ala	73.1±2.5	94.8±1.7	130.4±2.5	68.8±0.6	78.9±1.2	63.8±2.1	78.4
Asp	73.1±2.5	47.6±0.6	97.6±1.6	121.1±2.1	58.7±0.8	75.7±1.2	65.7
Glu	82.0±0.7	69.7±0.5	90.1±0.0	105.8±0.3	110.6±4.7	127.2±0.4	55.1
Gln	71.4±1.2	72.6±1.6	71.0±2.4	81.3±0.2	93.5±1.1	106.9±1.3	49.7
Leu	77.0±1.1	73.2±1.2	93.7±0.5	98.8±0.6	109.8±1.7	115.1±2.5	49.5
Met	87.5±1.5	94.5±2.2	101.4±1.6	108.4±1.2	118.6±2.6	130.7±3.4	49.4
Tyr	62.1±1.8	60.9±0.1	73.8±0.3	82.2±0.0	82.5±4.9	91.9±1.4	48.0
Arg	62.1±1.8	70.4±2.6	66.4±2.0	77.0±2.1	86.0±1.6	77.9±2.3	38.5
Ile	77.0±1.1	80.6±1.0	88.1±2.0	93.7±0.3	102.4±1.0	101.3±2.1	33.0
Val	61.4±0.7	69.9±0.4	71.1±1.2	71.3±2.1	76.2±0.6	79.6±2.6	29.6
Try	88.1±1.9	91.3±0.6	95.6±0.3	96.2±4.5	105.0±1.0	111.0±2.7	26.0
His	66.2±1.6	72.7±1.7	76.9±0.3	80.7±2.4	83.2±2.3	82.6±1.2	25.7
Thr	73.5±4.6	82.2±2.6	77.9±2.4	78.7±0.8	84.7±2.2	85.6±3.2	16.5
Ser	73.1±2.5	57.2±1.7	67.6±0.4	74.6±0.4	84.0±0.4	81.0±2.4	14.9
Gly	82.0±0.7	64.5±0.9	70.1±0.4	77.2±1.7	92.5±2.5	90.5±1.3	12.8
Asn	71.4±1.2	63.6±1.1	69.7±0.5	68.3±0.9	71.6±1.8	75.0±2.2	4.7
Phe	88.1±1.9	80.6±2.5	75.0±3.7	78.4±0.3	82.2±2.0	85.2±0.3	−3.3
Lys	78.0±0.8	66.4±1.8	69.7±0.7	67.3±1.4	64.1±0.4	66.8±0.0	−10.6
Pro	78.0±0.8	45.5±1.8	29.7±3.0	21.8±0.9	31.8±1.1	36.2±0.7	−41.7