Cholesterol Lowering Effect of Plant Stanol Ester Yoghurt Drinks with Added Camelina Oil
Table 4
Effects of plant stanol yoghurt minidrinks with or without added camelina oil on serum lipids1.
Group
Placebo
1.6 g
2 g
1.6 g + camelina
2 g + camelina
value2
Total cholesterol
Baseline
6.35 ± 0.64
5.97 ± 0.64
6.12 ± 0.77
6.07 ± 0.78
6.11 ± 0.77
NS
End-of-study
6.38 ± 0.83
5.64 ± 0.58
5.84 ± 0.79
5.68 ± 0.81
5.81 ± 0.76
0.002
Absolute change from baseline
0.03 ± 0.47
−0.34 ± 0.52
−0.28 ± 0.42
−0.39 ± 0.42
−0.30 ± 0.49
0.008
% change from baseline
0.31 ± 7.53
−5.23 ± 8.38
−4.50 ± 6.70
−6.34 ± 6.70
−4.72 ± 8.02
0.010
% change from placebo
−5.54
−4.80
−6.65
−5.03
95% CI
−9.44 to −1.64
−8.74 to −0.87
−10.51 to −2.78
−8.89 to −1.17
LDL cholesterol
Baseline
3.93 ± 0.80
3.56 ± 0.65
3.77 ± 0.76
3.59 ± 0.76
3.80 ± 0.67
NS
End-of-study
3.99 ± 0.87
3.27 ± 0.61
3.53 ± 0.74
3.26 ± 0.77
3.53 ± 0.65
0.001
Absolute change from baseline
0.06 ± 0.40
−0.29 ± 0.40
−0.25 ± 0.35
−0.33 ± 0.40
−0.27 ± 0.43
0.001
% change from baseline
1.79 ± 10.51
−7.62 ± 10.23
−6.30 ± 9.42
−9.22 ± 10.94
−6.62 ± 11.39
0.001
% change from placebo
−9.42
−8.09
−11.02
−8.42
95% CI
−14.89 to −3.94
−13.62 to −2.56
−16.45 to −5.60
−13.84 to −2.99
HDL cholesterol
Baseline
1.85 ± 0.46
1.86 ± 0.42
1.82 ± 0.49
1.90 ± 0.55
1.67 ± 0.46
NS
End-of-study
1.81 ± 0.48
1.81 ± 0.43
1.78 ± 0.48
1.82 ± 0.57
1.66 ± 0.41
NS
Absolute change from baseline
−0.04 ± 0.14
−0.05 ± 0.15
−0.04 ± 0.16
−0.08 ± 0.15
0.01 ± 0.15
NS
% change from baseline
−2.50 ± 7.19
−2.38 ± 8.06
−2.02 ± 7.64
−4.21 ± 8.42
0.62 ± 10.13
NS
% change from placebo
0.13
0.46
−1.71
3.12
95% CI
−4.21 to 4.47
−3.91 to 4.84
−6.01 to 2.60
−1.18 to 7.42
Non-HDL cholesterol
Baseline
4.50 ± 0.85
4.12 ± 0.77
4.30 ± 0.79
4.17 ± 0.94
4.44 ± 0.82
NS
End-of-study
4.57 ± 0.93
3.83 ± 0.75
4.06 ± 0.78
3.86 ± 0.94
4.15 ± 0.81
0.007
Absolute change from baseline
0.07 ± 0.43
−0.29 ± 0.45
−0.24 ± 0.35
−0.31 ± 0.40
−0.29 ± 0.47
0.003
% change from baseline
1.78 ± 10.17
−6.64 ± 10.12
−5.40 ± 8.15
−7.38 ± 9.41
−6.31 ± 10.99
0.003
% change from placebo
−8.41
−7.17
−9.16
−8.09
95% CI
−13.52 to −3.30
−12.33 to −2.01
−14.22 to −4.09
−13.15 to −3.02
Triacylglycerol
Baseline
1.27 ± 0.48
1.23 ± 0.62
1.17 ± 0.43
1.28 ± 0.61
1.41 ± 0.64
NS
End-of-study
1.29 ± 0.39
1.23 ± 0.63
1.18 ± 0.37
1.36 ± 0.77
1.39 ± 0.71
NS
Absolute change from baseline
0.02 ± 0.34
−0.01 ± 0.53
0.01 ± 0.25
0.08 ± 0.36
−0.02 ± 0.40
NS
% change from baseline
6.99 ± 26.97
2.07 ± 31.39
5.14 ± 25.79
6.57 ± 26.16
0.96 ± 26.95
NS
% change from placebo
−4.92
−1.85
−0.42
−6.02
95% CI
−19.22 to 9.38
−16.28 to 12.58
−14.59 to 13.75
−20.19 to 8.14
HDL/total cholesterol
Baseline
0.30 ± 0.08
0.31 ± 0.08
0.30 ± 0.08
0.32 ± 0.10
0.28 ± 0.08
NS
End-of-study
0.29 ± 0.08
0.33 ± 0.09
0.31 ± 0.08
0.33 ± 0.10
0.29 ± 0.08
NS
Absolute change from baseline
−0.01 ± 0.02
0.01 ± 0.02
0.01 ± 0.02
0.01 ± 0.03
0.01 ± 0.03
0.017
% change from baseline
−2.48 ± 8.48
3.35 ± 7.76
2.72 ± 7.16
2.55 ± 9.86
6.11 ± 11.73
0.011
% change from placebo
5.82
5.19
5.02
8.58
95% CI
1.05 to 10.59
0.38 to 10.01
0.30 to 9.75
3.86 to 13.31
HDL/non-HDL cholesterol
Baseline
0.44 ± 0.18
0.48 ± 0.18
0.45 ± 0.17
0.50 ± 0.24
0.40 ± 0.15
NS
End-of-study
0.42 ± 0.16
0.51 ± 0.21
0.46 ± 0.16
0.52 ± 0.26
0.43 ± 0.16
NS
Absolute change from baseline
−0.02 ± 0.06
0.03 ± 0.06
0.02 ± 0.05
0.02 ± 0.08
0.03 ± 0.07
0.021
% change from baseline
−3.45 ± 12.12
5.51 ± 11.68
4.04 ± 10.51
4.40 ± 15.21
8.84 ± 16.99
0.013
% change from placebo
8.96
7.49
7.85
12.29
95% CI
1.91 to 16.01
0.38 to 14.60
0.87 to 14.83
5.31 to 19.28
HDL/LDL
Baseline
0.51 ± 0.22
0.55 ± 0.19
0.51 ± 0.18
0.58 ± 0.28
0.46 ± 0.16
NS
End-of-study
0.49 ± 0.20
0.59 ± 0.22
0.53 ± 0.19
0.63 ± 0.31
0.49 ± 0.17
NS
Absolute change from baseline
−0.02 ± 0.06
0.04 ± 0.06
0.02 ± 0.06
0.04 ± 0.09
0.03 ± 0.08
0.005
% change from baseline
−3.48 ± 11.84
6.34 ± 10.75
5.23 ± 11.66
7.71 ± 15.29
9.21 ± 15.87
0.004
% change from placebo
9.83
8.71
10.49
12.70
95% CI
2.91 to 16.75
1.73 to 15.71
3.63 to 17.36
5.84 to 19.56
Values are means ± SD. 2Between groups. NS: statistically nonsignificant. significantly different from baseline. significantly different from baseline. significantly different from placebo; significantly different from placebo.
