A Numerical Scheme to Solve Fractional Optimal Control Problems

Figure 3

Exact solution (solid line) for the fractional optimal control problem (41)–(43) with 𝛼=1/2 versus numerical solutions (dashed lines) obtained approximating the optimality conditions given by Theorem 4.

(a) 𝑥(𝑡);𝑁=2

(b) 𝑢(𝑡);𝑁=2

(c) 𝑥(𝑡);𝑁=3

(d) 𝑢(𝑡);𝑁=3