Local Angiotensin Pathways in Human Carotid Atheroma: Towards a Systems Biology Approach
Table 1
Extended RAAS genes investigated in human carotid atheroma investigated with RT-PCR (mRNA), western blotting, and/or ELISA (protein) and enzymatic activity (); ND: not detected.
Macroscopically intact tissue; Stary <III
Atheroma, Stary >IV
Primary VSMC
mRNA
Protein
mRNA
Protein
Substrates
Angiotensinogen (AGT)
++°±
++°±
Kininogen (KNG1)
ND
ND
ND
Angiotensin peptidases
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
Renin (REN)
ND
ND
Chymase (CMA1)
ND
ND
Tissue kallikrein (KLK1)
Cathepsin G
Cathepsin D
Aminopeptidase A (ANPEP)
Not investigated: ACE2, MME, CPA3, NLN, THOP1, CSTA, PREP, and DPP3
