Diagnosis and Assessment of Disease Activity in Takayasu Arteritis: A Childhood Case Illustrating the Challenge

Table 1

EULAR/PRINTO/PRES criteria and classification definition of Takayasu Arteritis.

Mandatory criteria
Angiographic abnormality	Angiography (conventional, CT, and MRI) of the aorta, its main branches or pulmonary arteries showing aneurysm/dilatation, narrowing, occlusion, or thickened arterial wall, not due to any other causes
Additional criteria (need one of the five)
(1) Pulse deficit or claudication	Lost/decreased/unequal peripheral artery pulse
	Symptoms of claudication: focal muscle pain induced by physical activity
(2) Blood pressure discrepancy	Discrepancy of four-limb systolic blood pressure >10 mmhg in any limb
(3) Bruits	Audible murmurs or palpable thrills over large arteries
(4) Hypertension	Systolic/diastolic blood pressure >95th centile for height
(5) Acute phase reactant	Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) >20 mm per hour or C reactive protein (CRP) above normal