Role of Royal Jelly Treated Adipose-Derived Stem Cell-Extracellular Vesicles on Fibroblast Proliferation, Migration, and Collagen Production

Figure 3

EVs prepared from RJ-treated ADSC culture medium promoted cell migration and collagen synthesis in NHDFs. (a) Proliferation of NHDFs treated with ADSC-EVs, nRJ-ADSC-EVs, and pRJ-ADSC-EVs was measured by WST-1 assay (n = 12). (b) Cell migration assay was performed for 24 h on each prepared EV NHDF after scratching. Microscopic images representing the in vitro cell migration potency of each RJ-treated NHDF: (i) EV concentration at 400 ng protein/mL, (ii) EV concentration at 800 ng protein/mL, and (iii) quantitative analysis of migration potency of NHDFs treated with each prepared EV (n = 6). (c) Comparison of type I collagen synthesis in NHDFs without treatment (control) and after 72 h of exposure to each prepared EV (all EV sample final concentrations were 200 ng protein/mL). Data are presented as means ± SE. Statistical analysis was performed using the Tukey–Kramer test, and differences were considered significant for .

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