Role of Royal Jelly Treated Adipose-Derived Stem Cell-Extracellular Vesicles on Fibroblast Proliferation, Migration, and Collagen Production

Figure 4

Differentially expressed transcript profiles of ADSCs treated with RJ and EVs isolated from ADSCs treated with RJ. (a) Hierarchical clustering analysis of differentially expressed genes in ADSCs treated with RJ. Rows and columns represent genes and samples, respectively, while legend depicts the Log₂FC of gene abundance where red and blue indicated high and low expression of DEGs, respectively. (b) Venn diagram of shared referenced genes between ADSC-EVs vs. nRJ-ADSC-EVs and ADSC-EVs vs. pRJ-ADSC-EVs. (c) Hierarchical cluster analysis and heat map visualization of known collagen family genes among the three groups: ADSC-EVs, nRJ-ADSC-EVs, and pRJ-ADSC-EVs. Rows and columns represented genes and samples, respectively, while legend represents Log₂FC of gene abundance where red and blue indicated high and low expression of DEGs, respectively. (d) Gene ontology enrichment analysis of up- and downregulated genes in EVs isolated from ADSCs treated with RJ. The top 10 GO enrichment terms are represented here: (i) biological process, (ii) cellular components, (iii) molecular functions, and (e) the KEGG enrichment analysis bubble diagrams of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by DAVID.

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