Research Article

Morphometric Analysis to Infer Hydrological Behaviour of Lidder Watershed, Western Himalaya, India

Table 1

Methodology adopted for computation of morphometric parameters.

S. No.Morphometric parametersFormulaeReference

1Stream Order ( )Hierarchical rank (Strahler Scheme)[9]
2Stream Length ( )Length of the stream[22]
3Mean Stream
Length ( )
; Where, = mean stream length; = Total stream length of order “ ”; = Total no. of stream segments of order “ [9]
4Stream Length
Ratio ( )
; Where, = Stream length ratio; = The total stream length of order “ ”; = The total stream length of its next lower order[22]
5Bifurcation Ratio ( ) ; Where, = Bifucation ratio; = Total no. of stream segments of order “ ”; = Number of segments of the next higher order[23]
6Mean Bifurcation Ratio ( ) = Average of bifurcation ratios of all orders[10]
7Relief Ratio ( ) ; Where, = Relief ratio; H = Total relief (Relative relief) of the basin in Kilometre; = Basin length[23]
8Drainage Density ( ) ; Where, = Drainage density; = Total stream length of all orders; A = Area of the basin (km²)[24]
9Stream Frequency ( ) ; Where, = Stream frequency; = Total no. of streams of all orders; = Area of the basin (km²)[24]
10Drainage Texture ( ) ; Where, = Drainage texture; = Total no. of streams of all orders;
= Perimeter (km)
[22]
11Form Factor ( ) ; Where, = Form factor; = Area of the basin (km²); = Square of basin length[24]
12Circularity Ratio ( ) = 4 * * ;Where, = Circularity ratio; = “ ” value that is 3.14; A = Area of the basin (km²); P = Perimeter (km)[25]
13Elongation Ratio ( ) ( ); Where, Re = Elongation ratio = Area of the basin (km²); = “ ” value that is 3.14; = Basin length[23]
14Length of overland flow ( ) = 1/D * 2; Where, = Length of overland flow; D = Drainage density[22]
15Constant Channel Maintenance ( ) ; Where, D = Drainage density[23]
16Texture Ratio ( ) ; Where, N1 = Total number of streams in 1st order; P = Perimeter of basin[23]
17Shape index ( ) ; Where, = Basin length; A = Area of basin[22]
18Ruggedness number ( ) = * ; Where, = Basin relief; D = Drainage density[26]
19Shape Factor ( ) ; Where, = Perimeter of circle of watershed area; = Perimeter of watershed[27]
20Drainage Intensity ( ) ; Where, = Stream frequency; = Drainage density[28]
21Compactness coefficient ( ) ; Where, = Perimeter of watershed; = Perimeter of circle of watershed area[19]