Distribution of Industrial Farms in the United States and Socioeconomic, Health, and Environmental Characteristics of Counties
Table 3
Comparing demographics in the hotspots and non-hotspots.
Categories
Attributes
HS
NHS
Upper limit
Lower limit
Significance
Chicken farms
White population
79.13
69.65
−0.872
−9.163
SL
AA population
13.13
11.84
11.492
5.155
SH
Other minority population
6.89
17.49
0.361
−5.215
NS
Indigenous population
0.86
1.02
0.555
−2.313
NS
Population below poverty level
13.89
11.91
3.209
0.408
SH
White below poverty level
63.05
55.98
−6.652
−16.989
SL
Black below poverty level
27.60
23.13
19.789
9.994
SH
Others below poverty level
12.81
29.00
0.41
−8.063
NS
Cattle farms
White population
73.63
69.67
11.684
2.72
SH
AA population
2.68
12.04
−4.226
−11.118
SL
Other minority population
22.60
17.27
6.66
−5.259
NS
Indigenous population
1.08
1.01
12.372
−12.834
NS
Population below poverty level
11.92
11.94
−2.526
−5.546
SL
White below poverty level
57.77
56.02
15.515
4.283
SH
Black below poverty level
4.89
23.55
−7.467
−18.151
SL
Others below poverty level
48.27
28.42
8.036
−1.105
NS
Hog farms
White population
87.06
69.58
14.313
5.773
SH
AA population
7.05
11.92
−1.459
−8.037
SL
Other minority population
5.56
17.48
−0.957
−6.715
SL
Indigenous population
0.33
1.02
0.022
−2.939
NS
Population below poverty level
9.50
11.96
−3.32
−6.192
SL
White below poverty level
71.47
55.95
16.72
6.008
SH
Black below poverty level
18.84
23.25
−2.569
−12.757
SL
Others below poverty level
11.89
28.90
−0.598
−9.351
SL
Note. (1) All the demographic attributes in hotspots and non-hotspots are in percent. (2) HS: hotspots. (3) NHS: non-hotspots. (4) The -test was performed considering 95% confidence interval. (5) SH: significantly high. (6) SL: significantly low. (7) NS: no significant difference.
