Can Your Smartphone Make You a Tourist? Mine Does: Understanding the Consumer’s Adoption Mechanism for Mobile Payment System

Table 2

Confirmatory factor analysis.

Construct/indicators	Standardized factor loading (CFA-AMOS)	Construct reliably		Construct validity
		Cronbach’s alpha	Composite reliability (CR)	Convergent validity	Discriminant validity
				(AVE)	(MSV)	(ASV)
Perceived value		0.914	0.916	0.685	0.358	0.078
Utilitarian value
UV1	0.843
UV2	0.800
UV3	0.858
UV4	0.824
UV5	0.812
Hedonic value		0.906	0.908	0.644	0.358	0.081
HV1	0.806
HV2	0.821
HV3	0.858
HV4	0.845
HV5	0.739
Perceived threat		0.976	0.976	0.932	0.396	0.064
Severity of threat
SOT1	0.984
SOT2	0.930
SOT3	0.982
Susceptibility to threat		0.901	0.909	0.770	0.396	0.034
STT1	0.931
STT2	0.749
STT3	0.940
Perceived controllability		0.780	0.817	0.609	0.114	0.041
PC1	0.914
PC2	0.841
PC3	0.532
Customer satisfaction		0.938	0.941	0.843	0.202	0.016
CS1	0.988
CS2	0.795
CS3	0.959
Performance expectancy		0.769	0.775	0.536	0.162	0.069
PE1	0.785
PE2	0.769
PE3	0.633
Effort expectancy		0.900	0.900	0.920	0.175	0.082
EE1	0.984
EE2	0.988
EE3	0.984
EE4	0.967
Hedonic motivation		0.980	0.981	0.994	0.100	0.023
HM1	0.966
HM2	0.992
HM3	0.956
Habit		0.972	0.972	0.898	0.202	0.043
HB1	0.968
HB2	0.917
HB3	0.963
HB4	0.941
Usage barrier		0.962	0.968	0.883	0.289	0.043
UB1	0.823
UB2	0.981
UB3	0.966
UB4	0.980
Value barrier		0.931	0.933	0.874	0.279	0.093
VB1	0.953
VB2	0.916
Risk barrier		0.964	0.967	0.881	0.272	0.020
RB1	0.892
RB2	0.972
RB3	0.945
RB4	0.943
Tradition barrier		0.963	0.965	0.873	0.289	0.022
TB1	0.874
TB2	0.971
TB3	0.994
TB4	0.893
Image barrier		0.971	0.972	0.954	0.228	0.037
IB1	0.952
IB2	0.992
Intentions to use		0.940	0.939	0.757	0.175	0.010
UI1	0.990
UI2	0.692
UI3	0.753
UI4	0.956
UI5	0.920
Reliability and construct validity thresholds:		>0.70	CR >0.70	(i) AVE >0.50	MSV < AVE	ASV < AVE
Suggested by Fornell and Larcker [77]		[76]		(ii) CR > AVE.