Virtual Grandparenting: Identifying Barriers to Supportive Video Chat between Grandparents and Grandchildren

Table 4

Response frequencies with numerical coding in parentheses.

	Grandparents		Parents
			%		%
Grandparent met child in person (1)	1082	97	854	88.2
Grandparent has not met child in person (0)	34	3	114	11.8
Technology comfort
Very uncomfortable (1)	103	9.2	81	8.4
Somewhat uncomfortable (2)	66	5.9	26	2.7
Neither uncomfortable or comfortable (3)	74	6.6	6	0.6
Somewhat comfortable (4)	344	30.8	151	15.6
Very comfortable (5)	529	47.4	704	72.7
Household technology ownership
Television	1088	97.5	926	95.7
DVR	544	48.7	250	25.8
Streaming service	957	85.8	909	93.9
DVD/VCR player	811	72.7	545	56.3
Personal computer	1062	95.2	898	92.8
Regular mobile phone	194	17.4	58	6
Smartphone	1079	96.7	955	98.7
Tablet/e-reader	904	81	805	83.2
MP3 player	298	26.7	188	19.4
Children’s educational game device	117	10.5	196	20.2
Console-based gaming system	322	28.9	580	59.9
Virtual assistant	458	41	452	46.7
Grandparent has video chatted with child (1)	928	83.1	886	91.5
Grandparent has not video chatted with child (0)	188	16.8	82	8.5
Device used for video chat
Mobile (1)	679	78.9	708	83.6
Nonmobile (0)	182	21.1	139	16.4
Video chat frequency
Less than once a month (1)	105	12.2	107	12.6
A few times a month (2)	319	37	355	41.9
A few times a week (3)	345	40.1	314	37.1
Every day (4)	92	10.7	71	8.4

Note. Device used for video chat and video chat frequency are reported only for the subsample used in the ordinal regressions.