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| Author(s) | Identifying UGC (TRC) dimensions? | Exploring moderating effect of gender and usage frequency? | Methodologies (combining SEM and fsQCA?) | Theories (combining U&G and IQT?) | Objectives | Main findings |
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| Zhang and Choi [29] | Yes (UGC) | No | No | No | Explores factors influencing influencer-social media user relationships for effective influencer marketing, connecting influencer-generated content attributes, emotional attachment, and information quality | Content appeal, novelty, dependability, and comprehensibility significantly boost emotional attachment among users. Positive reliability and comprehensibility on information quality, resulting in more users following or endorsing influencers, thereby elevating their popularity |
| Identifying the interestingness, novelty, reliability, and understandability of IGC social media | Using PLS-SEM but not combining with fsQCA | Focus on theory of information relevance |
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| Zhuang et al. [30] | Yes (IGC) | No | No | No | Explores UGC helpfulness in brand awareness and loyalty on new social media; investigates the influence mechanism through factors like argument quality, source reliability, and creator interactivity | Identifies factors influencing UGC helpfulness on a major social media platform, including content detail, readability, objectivity, and creator popularity. Emphasizes the significant role of creator interactivity in enhancing UGC helpfulness and moderating other factors |
| Emphasis on the investigation of content detailedness, readability, and objectivity | Developing a model for examining the moderating effect of creator creativity | Regression analysis through STATA | Information Adoption Model |
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| Wang and Yan [31] | No | No | No | No | Aimed at examining the impact of information quality on social media regarding consumers’ travel intentions, including both rational and emotional aspects, considering the moderating effect of prior knowledge | The research shows that information quality on social media positively affects travel intention, mediated by self-congruity and trust. Additionally, tourists’ prior knowledge moderates the relationship between information quality and self-congruity. In summary, this study investigates the mechanisms underlying the influence of tourist-generated content quality on consumers’ travel intention |
| Emphasizing the quality of tourism information on user-generated content (UGC) social media platforms | Developing a model for moderating the effect of prior knowledge in investigating UGC quality, trust, self-congruity, and travel intention | Regression analysis through Smart-PLS | Elaboration likelihood model |
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| This study | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | The study objectives include the following: (1) proposing and testing three TRC dimensions in relation to enjoyment and visit intention; (2) exploring the moderating effects of gender and frequency of usage; (3) testing a calibration model to predict high and low visit intention based on TikTok TRC; (4) investigating the mediating role between TRC dimensions and visit intention; (5) providing marketing insights for tourism content-marketing strategies | SEM results demonstrate the significant impact of content reliability and understandability on perceived enjoyment and increased visit intention. Perceived enjoyment fully mediates the link between content understandability and visit intention, with moderating effects of gender and usage frequency. fsQCA results reveal that different TRC dimensions and enjoyment configurations provide valuable insights for content-marketing strategies and behavioral intentions. This study offers three marketing insights for tourism content marketing on social media platforms like TikTok |
| Proposing the concept of TRC as three dimensions of quality, reliability, and understandability | Exploring the moderating effect of gender on TRC on TikTok | The hypotheses are examined through a SEM approach, and combinations of TRC and perceived enjoyment are calibrated to predict behavioral outcomes using fsQCA | The application of U&G is aimed at elucidating how TikTok users seek gratification through user-generated content (TRC) to attain enjoyment and influence visit intentions. In contrast, the IQT is employed to provide specific insights regarding the dimensions of TRC |
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