Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Volume is not Associated with Outcome within an Academic Health Care System

Table 4

Pathologic diagnosis in patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at UCSF-affiliated hospitals, 1989–2003.

Characteristics	ML	LVHG	𝑃 value^†
Tumor diameter, mean (SD), cm	3.0 (1.5)	2.9 (1.7)	1.000
Tumor differentiation, no. (%)^‡	—	—	.575
Low	36 (39.1)	7 (30.4)	—
Moderate	46 (50)	12 (52.2)	—
High	10 (10.9)	4 (17.4)	—
Positive tumor margins, no. (%)	25 (26.9)	6 (25)	1.000
Positive vascular invasion, no. (%)	28 (31.1)	7 (58.3)	.102
Positive neural invasion, no. (%)	54 (60)	14 (87.5)	.047

^†According to the Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous data or Fisher's exact test for categorical data.
^‡Numbers may not sum to group total because data was not available for all patients.